pushbrk

Neither USCiS or a Consular Officer will care one bit what you "want".  A doctor saying you should be there is not enough.  They need to give a specific reason why you being there is medically necessary to save the life of your baby.  Please don't argue with us about it.  If you want to try for an expedite, try it with whatever documentation you can get.  Just know that without what I just described, it will definitely not happen.  WITH what I described, there's perhaps a slim chance.

Neither USCiS or a Consular Officer will care one bit what you "want".  A doctor saying you should be there is not enough.  They need to give a specific reason why you being there is medically necessary to save the life of your baby.  Please don't argue with us about it.  If you want to try for an expedite, try it with whatever documentation you can get.  Just know that without what I just described, it will definitely not happen.  WITH what I described, there's perhaps a slim chance.

File the petition with the name you intend to use going forward.  You do not need to document that name change with anything other than the marriage certificate.  THEN, or before, simply go ahead and update your ID, Passport etc. to reflect the change.  No need to file in one name and change later.

Correct, but use the married name going forward, such as on your affidavit of support, etc.  Your marriage certificate is all you need.  No need to submit documentation to USCIS or NVC about your married name.  However, having your husband carry a copy of any new ID you have in the married name can be good relationship evidence.

Correct direct answer.  Maybe better answer is not to do any third party affidavits at all.  They are useless at best and harmful, usually.

The very nature of this process lends itself to paranoia, overthinking, and second guessing; in the interest of full disclosure, I was guilty of those feelings at various points from the time I filed to the time my wife interviewed.
 
Now with that being said, there's no point in having your mother in-law write such a letter; at best, it will carry little no weight; at worst, it makes you look desperate.  In addition, it technically wouldn't even be her letter since your husband would've ghost wrote it.
 
If you really feel a need to provide such a letter despite what I have just stated, then have her write it and sign it in her native language and provide a translation.

Generally, Notaries witness signatures.  Taking an already signed document to a Notary is generally futile.  This can vary by State in the USA and certainly varies by country but for a permission document, a Notary's purpose is to verify who signed it.

To add, local libraries may also have computers with the full version of Adobe (this was what I did).

I think it's OK too but the more he has already been in the USA and left in the past, the better.  You will need to deal with issues of permission to travel with the child, regarding inlaws.  The logistics of avoiding problems with international child trafficking laws can be tricky.  Maybe you've already looked into that.

I think there is some fear that enforcement policies will change.  I haven't seen any change in practice yet.  While it has always been illegal to enter as a visitor with the intent to immigrate, the issue of "intent upon entry" is kind of a "thought crime".  As such, the policy in the past has been pretty consistent for USCIS to not even raise the intent issue as a part of the process.  At the same time, it has always been legal to enter as a visitor without immigrant intent, and then based on circumstances after entry, DECIDE to adjust status.  USCIS, in the past has seemed to have chosen (in spouse of US Citizen cases) not to bother discussing or considering the issue.  
 
Still the issue of "Many have entered and adjusted..." and "They entered with immigrant intent and adjusted..." are not necessarily the same thing.  In most cases, I THINK, the immigrant intent was there but in many it is not.

Ties to home country usually include a job.  Ties to a US Citizen spouse are seen to be stronger than nearly anything else, a strong indication of immigrant intent.  Is the Canadian Spouse going to keep their job in Canada?  If not, there could well be problems with doing a lot of visiting.  Even with strong ties, he must spend more time out of the US than in.

Yeah household size will be 7 and you combine your income with your parents income for total annual household income.

If you read the instructions to the I-864, it explains a lot of this. If Dad can't claim you on his tax return as a dependent then you are not in his household count for this form. You are not an immigrant. You are the US citizen. 
Dad+Mom+the Immigrant (your spouse) = Household count of 3 for Dad's form. Dad requires $26,662. 
 
I'm lost on Dad's income.
Does he get at least $26,662 in a pension and/or social security per year? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Ties to home country usually include a job.  Ties to a US Citizen spouse are seen to be stronger than nearly anything else, a strong indication of immigrant intent.  Is the Canadian Spouse going to keep their job in Canada?  If not, there could well be problems with doing a lot of visiting.  Even with strong ties, he must spend more time out of the US than in.

Ties to home country usually include a job.  Ties to a US Citizen spouse are seen to be stronger than nearly anything else, a strong indication of immigrant intent.  Is the Canadian Spouse going to keep their job in Canada?  If not, there could well be problems with doing a lot of visiting.  Even with strong ties, he must spend more time out of the US than in.

Generally, anybody competent to translate is OK, but I would also get a country specific answer for this.

Correct.  So, are you (the OP) seeking a spouse visa or adjusting your spouse's status from within the USA.

Your only mail will be receipt notice, approval notice and potentially Request for Initial Evidence.  Use a relative's address in the USA.

Correct direct answer.  Maybe better answer is not to do any third party affidavits at all.  They are useless at best and harmful, usually.

She's the beneficiary, so does not need to sign anything related to the I-130 petition.  She doesn't even need to be the one who types or writes the information in the I-130a.  It just needs to be the correct information.

Yes, but also include a recent pay stub showing a full pay period.  Decisions about the public charge issue are made by Consular Officers as judgment calls, based on totality of circumstances.  It would be nice not to obligate others unless really necessary, but you'll want to be ready with a joint sponsor in case the Consular Officer requests/requires it.

Sometimes USCIS makes a mistake and issues a CR1 card instead of IR1.  That mistake can be corrected.

Sometimes USCIS makes a mistake and issues a CR1 card instead of IR1.  That mistake can be corrected.

Correct but also understand that processing time is really less than an hour, in terms of petition adjudication.  The rest of the time, your petition is sitting in a box in a dark closet somewhere.  Your previous petition WILL increase what I am referring to as "processing time" above by a few minutes. 

It doesn’t matter. USCIS issues the green card, not CBP. Please note it is the marriage date, which is the date on your marriage certificate, the date that you legally became married, not the wedding date. No one cares about your wedding date.