You can’t bypass it. Unfortunately you missed your window to apply for an SSN when you first came on a K1. Now that your I-94 is expired, you will only get an SSN once you have either an EAD or GC in hand. There is no other way to get an SSN - they will not send you a SSN while you are waiting for a GC or EAD to be adjudicated. You can only get one once they’re approved. You need the actual cards if you choose to go in person to apply for an SSN.
Correct. As I mentioned, you have to have the actual green card (I-551) or an EAD card.
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For any future K1s who come to the US, please please apply as soon you get here, like literally within a week of arriving. SSA office will not issue an SSN after day 75 of the 90 day window so it is imperative to apply for one ASAP. You don’t have to be married to apply for one.