A little confused. The new card was not received, so you properly filed a new i90, so how was the I90 filed for the the wrong reason? Regardless, you should have proof of your LPR status with your now expired card and the I797 from the renewal, or you can get an ADIT stamp if needed. You can request an expedite for the replacement I90, but I don’t really see a basis as it is not really a USCiS error if USPS did not deliver it, or it got lost, and you have other options such as the aforementioned ADIT stamp to have proof of your LPR status.
Good Luck!
https://www.uscis.gov/forms/filing-guidance/expedite-requests