Starship pilots: speed kills, especially warp speed

[Niels Bohr 72]

Update: An earlier version of this story referred to the Borg using cloaking technology, which several readers pointed out is not supported by televisual evidence. Of course, we were speculating on the technology existing in the alternate universe created by J. J. Abrams. However, to avoid confusion we have amended the decloaking reference to cite the Romulans.

Star Trek fans, prepare to be disappointed. Kirk, Spock and the rest of the crew would die within a second of the USS Enterprise approaching the speed of light.

The problem lies with Einstein's special theory of relativity. It transforms the thin wisp of hydrogen gas that permeates interstellar space into an intense radiation beam that would kill humans within seconds and destroy the spacecraft's electronic instruments.

Interstellar space is an empty place. For every cubic centimetre, there are fewer than two hydrogen atoms, on average, compared with 30 billion billion atoms of air here on Earth. But according to William Edelstein of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, that sparse interstellar gas should worry the crew of a spaceship travelling close to the speed of light even more than Romulans decloaking off the starboard bow.

Special relativity describes how space and time are distorted for observers travelling at different speeds. For the crew of a spacecraft ramping up to light speed, interstellar space would appear highly compressed, thereby increasing the number of hydrogen atoms hitting the craft.

Death ray

Worse is that the atoms' kinetic energy also increases. For a crew to make the 50,000-light-year journey to the centre of the Milky Way within 10 years, they would have to travel at 99.999998 per cent the speed of light. At these speeds, hydrogen atoms would seem to reach a staggering 7 teraelectron volts – the same energy that protons will eventually reach in the Large Hadron Collider when it runs at full throttle. "For the crew, it would be like standing in front of the LHC beam," says Edelstein.

The spacecraft's hull would provide little protection. Edelstein calculates that a 10-centimetre-thick layer of aluminium would absorb less than 1 per cent of the energy. Because hydrogen atoms have a proton for a nucleus, this leaves the crew exposed to dangerous ionising radiation that breaks chemical bonds and damages DNA. "Hydrogen atoms are unavoidable space mines," says Edelstein.

The fatal dose of radiation for a human is 6 sieverts. Edelstein's calculations show that the crew would receive a radiation dose of more than 10,000 sieverts within a second. Intense radiation would also weaken the structure of the spacecraft and damage its electronic instruments.

Edelstein speculates this might be one reason why extraterrestrial civilisations haven't paid us a visit. Even if ET has mastered building a rocket that can travel at the speed of light, he may be lying dead inside a weakened craft whose navigation systems have short-circuited.

Edelstein presented his results on Saturday at the American Physical Society meeting in Washington DC.

[Otto 83]

Thank you for clearing that up...

[PhiLandShiR 18]

This also assumes that the shields have failed...

[one...two...tree 2,762]

Thanks for ruining my childhood memories.

[Ban Hammer 14,567]

scotty, beam consolemaster out into space.

*energizing*

[SMR 368]

For a crew to make the 50,000-light-year journey to the centre of the Milky Way within 10 years, they would have to travel at 99.999998 per cent the speed of light.

This sentence seems to contradict the definition of a lightyear. To travel a light-year at the speed of light takes one year. To travel 50000 light years at a speed less than the speed of light would take more than 50,000 years. Of course, the amount of time that passed would seem much less to those on the spaceship.

Also, I think that in star trek, the warp drive works by warping space. Thus, the ship doesn't have to go as fast. Space is warped so that the distance is smaller. Also, warp is a logarithmic scale. Warp 9, the maximum speed of many of the ships is many times the speed of light.

[Niels Bohr 72]

Well, warp is meant as light speed.....I understand your point on warping the space-time. Gravity, itself, is a warp engine.

[alienlovechild 75]

This also assumes that the shields have failed...

There's a warp field surrounding the ship so it's a not problem.

Some claimed people would die if they traveled in car going faster than 60 mph and no one can live long in an underpressurized cabin above what 30,000 ft.

Edited February 17, 2010 by alienlovechild

[PhiLandShiR 18]

scotty, beam consolemaster out into space.

*energizing*

maximum dispersion please...

[one...two...tree 2,762]

There's a warp field surrounding the ship so it's a not problem.

Some claimed people would die if they traveled in car going faster than 60 mph and no one can live long in an underpressurized cabin above what 30,000 ft.

Oh thank God...

[Bobby+Umit 161]

Actually - it's not the "shields" that protect the starships in ST in this case - it's the "deflectors".

They route any "wisps" or "debris" around the ship ...

[JimandChristy 1,689]

This sentence seems to contradict the definition of a lightyear. To travel a light-year at the speed of light takes one year. To travel 50000 light years at a speed less than the speed of light would take more than 50,000 years. Of course, the amount of time that passed would seem much less to those on the spaceship.

Also, I think that in star trek, the warp drive works by warping space. Thus, the ship doesn't have to go as fast. Space is warped so that the distance is smaller. Also, warp is a logarithmic scale. Warp 9, the maximum speed of many of the ships is many times the speed of light.

Didn't warp speed have a cubic relationship?

So warp 1 = speed of light

warp 2 = 8 times speed of light

warp 3 = 27 times speed of light

etc

[alienlovechild 75]

Didn't warp speed have a cubic relationship?

So warp 1 = speed of light

warp 2 = 8 times speed of light

warp 3 = 27 times speed of light

etc

Yeah but on the Enterprise they had an analog clock so it was hard to tell how far they really traveled.

[one...two...tree 2,762]

[Scott & Lai 12]

Well, warp is meant as light speed.....I understand your point on warping the space-time. Gravity, itself, is a warp engine.

Even at warp one, the Enterprise isn't going the speed of light in normal space, it only appears to do so from the perspective of someone outside the warp field. So, Einstein's Special Theory really doesn't apply here. Whether warping space is actually possible is another matter.