The US, all states, and Immigration related agencies will recognize the Utah County Online marriage and consider it consummated, if you are together in the Philippines during the marriage. The Philippine statistics authority does not recognize these marriages (same sex or not) anymore, but that's not particularly relevant, as they don't recognize same sex marriages anyway.
No worries about your employment until a year or so from now, and no worries then, if you are still employed. I doubt Manila will accept DCF in this circumstance. It's not for marriages a week ago between people who haven't even been living together. Your job is not transferring you either. You're just voluntarily ending your stay in the Philippines to go take a new job.