Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Photo Essay

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From Time Magazine...

Crowds angered by the integration order in Clinton attacked blacks in their cars.

A similar drama unfolded in Arkansas, where governor Orval Faubus prevented nine African American students from enrolling in Little Rock High School. They were counseled by the president of the Arkansas NAACP, Daisy Bates, whose home was attacked by angry whites. In a telegram, King urged Bates to "adhere rigorously to a way of non-violence," and assured her, "The moral conscience of millions of white Americans is with you."

The boycott called on the city to ban the Jim Crow practices on the city buses, namely that black riders not be made to pay at the front of the bus and enter from the rear; and that the buses be required to stop at every corner in black residential areas, as they did in white communities.

Arrested

Three months into the strike, 156 protesters, including King, were arrested for violating a 1921 law against "hindering" a bus. King was ordered to pay a $500 fine or serve 386 days in jail. He ended up spending two weeks in prison, a move that backfired because it called national attention to the protest.

The Sit-In Movement

Begun when four black students from North Carolina A & T College sat down at a section of a Woolworth lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina reserved for whites, the sit-in movement quickly spread to other parts of the south. Life sent photographer Howard Sochurek to Petersburg, Virginia, where young people protested the lunch counter policies at a Grants store.

Victory

In June of 1956, the federal district court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional. After surviving challenges up to the Supreme Court, the ruling stood firm and, on December 20, 1956, King declared the boycott over. The following day, members of the black community, including Rosa Parks, boarded the buses for the first time in over a year.

Non-violent Protest

Four African Americans stand in line for the lunch counter at Grants.

Military Escort

National Guardsmen accompany two Freedom Riders on a bus from Montgomery to Jackson, Mississippi. The violence and necessity for federal intervention propelled the protesters to national prominence.

http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29...1704734,00.html

[almaty 19]

excellent ....

[Cassie 8]

what courage!