Thanks for the replies. I would think the fact she had a visa before and didn't overstay would be helpful. Yes, she can get the same kind of letter from her employer now, which is what she did not have the second time around. (wasn't working at that time) The rest of her family is in Brazil (parents, 4 other sisters, etc) so she has stronger family ties there. What 'changes' can someone make to improve their chances? It's not like she will get married and have kids, just so she can get a tourist visa.🙄 She doesn't own property but she rents and is obligated to pay that every month, obviously.