Consider the following:
Are there cases when suicide is acceptable?
Case 1: From the New Testament: “no greater love has a man then to lay down his life for his friends.”
Case 2: In some Native American cultures the old and infirm were left behind to die when the tribe moved on for better hunting/food gathering. Those that left behind accepted their fate. Is that suicide?
Case 3: A patient is given a prognosis of 3 months to die due to some form of terminal illness. The patient refuses all treatment and dies in 2 months. Is that suicide?
If cases 1, 2 and 3 are NOT suicide then what distinguishes them from suicide?
Are there cases when suicide is acceptable?
Case 1: From the New Testament: “no greater love has a man then to lay down his life for his friends.”
Case 2: In some Native American cultures the old and infirm were left behind to die when the tribe moved on for better hunting/food gathering. Those that left behind accepted their fate. Is that suicide?
Case 3: A patient is given a prognosis of 3 months to die due to some form of terminal illness. The patient refuses all treatment and dies in 2 months. Is that suicide?
If cases 1, 2 and 3 are NOT suicide then what distinguishes them from suicide?
To answer those...
Case 1: To me, it looks like that passage is suggesting that in "laying down one's life for one's friends" that individual is in fact doing a supposedly noble deed, by sacrificing themselves so that others may live. If broken down, that might be called suicide; however, it's looked at different, since that person's death is not due to their own wants or desires, but to ensure others may live. Essentially, it's a play on the old saying "the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few (or one)."
Suicide is generally viewed as a selfish act, but something such as this would be as selfless as possible (at least when looked at objectively). If someone were leaving behind a spouse and children, they may not be so enamored with the idea, regardless of the fact it'd be their only ticket to survival.
I can understand this line of reasoning. I have absolutely no wish to die, but if my death were necessary so that my family may live, I'd do it. I'd hate it, but I'd do it.
Case 2: I wouldn't call this suicide (particularly since those doing it didn't actively choose it), although many today would probably refer to it as cruel and inhuman. The problem with this assessment is they'd be looking at it through a modern-day lens. We can't do that; we'd need to see things as those Native Americans did years ago. Survival was paramount and the old and infirm would merely slow down the tribe, perhaps making them more vulnerable to warring tribal nations. Even if that weren't the case, those who were in such terrible and uncurable or untreatable conditions would end up using food that could have gone to healthier and more active tribal members, therefore providing a greater benefit to the tribe.
It sounds crazy to many of us today, but I'd bet most of those who were old and infirm understood this and accepted their fate (at least as best they could), since that was their culture. They knew that the tribe as a whole was more important than any of them and for it to survive, they had to be cut loose. Once again, all of this comes down to the idea of "the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few (or one)."
Case 3: Once again, I don't believe this is suicide, since the patient isn't actively doing anything to cause his or her death. At best, this might be considered a form of "passive suicide" since the patient is choosing to not do something, as opposed to do something. Even so, if the prognosis was terminal and nothing could be done, why go through treatments that would only use up precious time and probably make him or her sick in the process? Why not spend what little time he or she has left enjoying life? To me, that seems like the anthesis to suicide.
