hey its a slow day on VJ!
Full Version: locked/closed threads
hey its a slow day on VJ!
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
who cares? 
QUOTE(almaty @ Jan 17 2008, 12:56 PM) 
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
dunno they're all logged in right now...i'll take LAL
VJ sheesh 
Threads get closed because Utopian violator artists with smart emotions seem to have a talent for turning boredom into intriguing uproars. We just have to navigate our way through all that in a very saint-like and healthy way. Apart from all that, I agree with Aymerlu....Who cares?
i voted
mena/ewok/yes
mena/ewok/yes
TOS just blows. I'd like to see a revision allowing OT posts to be left out of the loop where anything goes. It is just ridiculous that people have to write "azz" or "shet" when we all know what is really being said. It's childish. We are all adults here and should be allowed to freely express our thoughts and opinions. Don't like what's being said? Turn the channel! Close the book! Liberate VJ or at least OT! 
QUOTE(Kazan @ Jan 17 2008, 02:27 PM)
TOS just blows. I'd like to see a revision allowing OT posts to be left out of the loop where anything goes. It is just ridiculous that people have to write "azz" or "shet" when we all know what is really being said. It's childish. We are all adults here and should be allowed to freely express our thoughts and opinions. Don't like what's being said? Turn the channel! Close the book! Liberate VJ or at least OT!
U R a d1kWaD!
I just wanna know summfin...
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
QUOTE(VJ Troll @ Jan 17 2008, 02:28 PM)
QUOTE(Kazan @ Jan 17 2008, 02:27 PM)
TOS just blows. I'd like to see a revision allowing OT posts to be left out of the loop where anything goes. It is just ridiculous that people have to write "azz" or "shet" when we all know what is really being said. It's childish. We are all adults here and should be allowed to freely express our thoughts and opinions. Don't like what's being said? Turn the channel! Close the book! Liberate VJ or at least OT!
U R a d1kWaD!
There should always be places where a person can speak their mind without censorship. The work place is hardly a fair comparison to VJ. A bar is closer. So what's wrong with having a place here where people can say what's on their mind. It's healthy to let lose from time to time.
QUOTE(MarilynP @ Jan 17 2008, 02:36 PM)
I just wanna know summfin...
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
How about which member's participation in a thread is most liklely to increase the chance that it will be closed...
Oh wait that would be a TOS...
Sorry.. never mind
Oh wait that would be a TOS...
Sorry.. never mind
I wasn't really comparing VJ to work.. was just tying to make the point that in the "real world" we don't say everything we want to say because we will now it will hurt or offend someone...
yeah, I am all for letting loose but I don't think it should be done at the expense of other people's feelings...
yeah, I am all for letting loose but I don't think it should be done at the expense of other people's feelings...
QUOTE(Kazan @ Jan 17 2008, 11:45 AM)
There should always be places where a person can speak their mind without censorship. The work place is hardly a fair comparison to VJ. A bar is closer. So what's wrong with having a place here where people can say what's on their mind. It's healthy to let lose from time to time.
QUOTE(MarilynP @ Jan 17 2008, 02:36 PM)
I just wanna know summfin...
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
I think that there should be an option to become a "VJ Club Member". With this elite status, you'd be able to:
- Bypass the ##### censor.
- Have access to a Members Only TOS-free forum.
- Post in locked threads.
There would of course be a fee to become a member.
Granted this would probably cause mass chaos, but hey...
- Bypass the ##### censor.
- Have access to a Members Only TOS-free forum.
- Post in locked threads.
There would of course be a fee to become a member.
Granted this would probably cause mass chaos, but hey...
it should be noted that yodrak isn't a mod.
yes, let it be known.
shout it from the rooftops...
I understand what you are saying. I'm not advocating personal attacks on members. I'm for free expression in any adult forum which VJ is. I do not see anything wrong with members using choice words to indicate a distaste for a public figure or entity. I'm sure many, on occasion, would like to say the USCIS can kiss my... without having to alter spellings or use weaker words. Of course, I would not find it appropriate to call a fellow VJer a MFer or what ever. That is wrong, but, yes, sometimes, I would like to call the rapist mentioned in a different thread those words!
QUOTE(MarilynP @ Jan 17 2008, 02:51 PM)
I wasn't really comparing VJ to work.. was just tying to make the point that in the "real world" we don't say everything we want to say because we will now it will hurt or offend someone...
yeah, I am all for letting loose but I don't think it should be done at the expense of other people's feelings...
yeah, I am all for letting loose but I don't think it should be done at the expense of other people's feelings...
QUOTE(Kazan @ Jan 17 2008, 11:45 AM)
There should always be places where a person can speak their mind without censorship. The work place is hardly a fair comparison to VJ. A bar is closer. So what's wrong with having a place here where people can say what's on their mind. It's healthy to let lose from time to time.
QUOTE(MarilynP @ Jan 17 2008, 02:36 PM)
I just wanna know summfin...
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
would you say whatever you want in the work place?? would you say whatever you want to that person in the bar??
most of us have an internal censor in the real world... we don't say what we want to say because we know it will hurt or offend someone....
but it seems like the internet is fair game and people can say what they want to say regardless of how it will make someone feel....
the TOS protects against personal attacks against other members.. so if you did away with the TOS what would happen?
threads are usually only closed when people start attacking one another...
threads are usually only closed when people start attacking one another...
QUOTE(fwaguy @ Jan 17 2008, 02:48 PM)
How about which member's participation in a thread is most liklely to increase the chance that it will be closed...
Oh wait that would be a TOS...
Sorry.. never mind
Oh wait that would be a TOS...
Sorry.. never mind
But we all know who those people are....
QUESTION IN GENERAL when someone is constantly makeing rude remarks forever it seems and say they get suspended for whatever the time is and then are allowed back, then it just starts all over again is there a number of warning or suspensions a person is allowed before they are GONE
QUOTE(brnidokiegurl @ Jan 17 2008, 03:43 PM)
QUESTION IN GENERAL when someone is constantly makeing rude remarks forever it seems and say they get suspended for whatever the time is and then are allowed back, then it just starts all over again is there a number of warning or suspensions a person is allowed before they are GONE
Yes.
and that number would beeeee?
QUOTE(brnidokiegurl @ Jan 17 2008, 03:46 PM)
and that number would beeeee?1,000,000
QUOTE(almaty @ Jan 17 2008, 01:56 PM)
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
Thank you for your kind words of support, brother Dean.
QUOTE(PlatyPius @ Jan 17 2008, 02:43 PM)
QUOTE(brnidokiegurl @ Jan 17 2008, 03:43 PM)
QUESTION IN GENERAL when someone is constantly makeing rude remarks forever it seems and say they get suspended for whatever the time is and then are allowed back, then it just starts all over again is there a number of warning or suspensions a person is allowed before they are GONE
Yes.
QUOTE(almaty @ Jan 17 2008, 12:56 PM)
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
QUOTE(SMOKE @ Jan 17 2008, 12:57 PM)
QUOTE(almaty @ Jan 17 2008, 12:56 PM)
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
dunno they're all logged in right now...i'll take LAL
QUOTE(LaL @ Jan 17 2008, 01:04 PM)
VJ sheesh
QUOTE(Mags @ Jan 17 2008, 02:58 PM)
QUOTE(almaty @ Jan 17 2008, 01:56 PM)
this be locked soon..i say by sister mags
Thank you for your kind words of support, brother Dean.
looks like we're both wrong Dean
QUOTE(LaL @ Jan 17 2008, 01:04 PM)
VJ sheesh
OT has many more locked topics than MENA:
Check out the locked topics filter at the bottom of the forum.
Check out the locked topics filter at the bottom of the forum.
11 locked topic pages out of 1140 pages in OT.
5 pages of locked topics out of 275 in MENA.
Okay, I think we've gone far enough with this thread now, so I'm going to lock it.
j/k
j/k
QUOTE(Mags @ Jan 17 2008, 08:56 PM)
Okay, I think we've gone far enough with this thread now, so I'm going to lock it.
j/k
j/k
in before the lock!
QUOTE(Mags @ Jan 17 2008, 09:56 PM)
Okay, I think we've gone far enough with this thread now, so I'm going to lock it.
j/k
j/k
Classic.
QUOTE(charlesandnessa @ Jan 17 2008, 09:16 PM)
QUOTE(Mags @ Jan 17 2008, 08:56 PM)
Okay, I think we've gone far enough with this thread now, so I'm going to lock it.
j/k
j/k
in before the lock!
me too wooooohoooooo
QUOTE(Chad+Lira @ Jan 17 2008, 09:18 PM)
QUOTE(charlesandnessa @ Jan 17 2008, 09:16 PM)
QUOTE(Mags @ Jan 17 2008, 08:56 PM)
Okay, I think we've gone far enough with this thread now, so I'm going to lock it.
j/k
j/k
in before the lock!
me too wooooohoooooo
me threeeeeee
Why is Canada not in the list!?
There have been at least 4 threads locked, including the very popular:
Has a thread in the Canada forum ever been closed before!?
There have been at least 4 threads locked, including the very popular:
Has a thread in the Canada forum ever been closed before!?
TOS
˙ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ƃuıɯoɔǝq noʎ ʎq pǝɯɹıɟɟɐ ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ sı puɐ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ɹnoʎ uodn pǝʇdǝɔɔɐ sı soʇ ǝɥʇ ˙ʇɔǝɟɟǝ lɐnʇɔɐɹʇuoɔ ɹo lɐƃǝl ou ǝʌɐɥ puɐ ʎluo ǝɔuǝıuǝʌuoɔ ɹoɟ ǝɹɐ ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ sıɥʇ uı sǝlʇıʇ uoıʇɔǝs ǝɥʇ ˙sʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ɹoıɹd ʎuɐ ƃuıpǝsɹǝdns 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ oʇ ʇɔǝdsǝɹ ɥʇıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ sʇɹɐd pǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ sʇı puɐ soʇ ǝɥʇ 'sǝƃɐd qǝʍ ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd uo "ǝɔıʇou lɐƃǝl" ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ uı pǝpıʌoɹd ʎlssǝɹdxǝ sɐ ʇdǝɔxǝ
lɐɹǝuǝƃ
˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇıpuoɔ ɹo sɯɹǝʇ ʎuɐ ɟo ɹǝʌıɐʍ ɐ ǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇou llɐɥs ɹǝpunǝɹǝɥ sʇɥƃıɹ ʎuɐ ǝɔɹoɟuǝ oʇ ʎʇɹɐd ɹǝɥʇıǝ ɟo ǝɹnlıɐɟ ǝɥʇ
ɹǝʌıɐʍ-uou
˙ʎʇılıqɐǝɔɹoɟuǝ puɐ ʎʇıpılɐʌ ɹıǝɥʇ ʇɔǝɟɟɐ ʇou llɐɥs puɐ suoısıʌoɹd ƃuıuıɐɯǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ǝlqɐɹǝʌǝs pǝɯǝǝp ǝq llɐɥs uoısıʌoɹd ʇɐɥʇ uǝɥʇ 'ǝlqɐǝɔɹoɟuǝun ɹo pıoʌ 'lnɟʍɐlun punoɟ sı soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoısıʌoɹd ʎuɐ ɟı ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsn puɐ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ ʇɔǝdsǝɹ ɥʇıʍ ɹǝpıʌoɹd puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ puɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo pǝuıɐʇuoɔ sɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp puɐ sǝɔıʇou llɐ ǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ ʎq sǝʇɐɹodɹoɔuı soʇ ǝɥʇ
suoısıʌoɹd ɟo ʎʇılıqɐɹǝʌǝs
˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd :ǝɹǝɥ ƃuıʞɔılɔ ʎq oʇ ʞuıl noʎ ɥɔıɥʍ 'ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ oʇ ʇɔǝɾqns oslɐ sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝsn ɹnoʎ
ʎɔɐʌıɹd
˙sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ʎuɐ oʇ (sǝssǝɹppɐ ɟo ǝƃuɐɹ ɹo) ssǝɹppɐ ʇǝuɹǝʇuı ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɯoɹɟ ssǝɔɔɐ ƃuıʞɔolq puɐ ǝʌɐɥ ʎɐɯ noʎ sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ƃuıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹoɟ sǝıpǝɯǝɹ ǝlqɐʇınbǝ puɐ lɐƃǝl llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ǝnsɹnd oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹoɟ sǝıpǝɯǝɹ
˙ǝɹǝɥ ɯǝɥʇ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝsɐǝld 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝɹɐʍɐ ǝɹɐ noʎ ɟı
suoıʇɐloıʌ
˙ʎuɐ ɟı sʇunoɯɐ ʇuǝɯǝlʇʇǝs ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɹoɟ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsɹnqɯıǝɹ oʇ puɐ 'oʇǝɹǝɥʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ suoıʇɐıʇoƃǝu ʇuǝɯǝlʇʇǝs ʎuɐ puɐ ǝsuǝɟǝp ɥɔns uı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇsıssɐ oʇ ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ uı ǝʇɐɹǝdooɔ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ǝɹoɯɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ˙ǝsuǝɟǝp ɥɔns ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐıɔossɐ uı pǝɹɹnɔuı spɹɐʍɐ sǝƃɐɯɐp ɹo (sǝǝɟ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ƃuıpnlɔuı) sʇsoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsɹnqɯıǝɹ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ɥɔns ʇsuıɐƃɐ puǝɟǝp oʇ ƃuısooɥɔ sʇı ɟo lǝsunoɔ uıɐʇǝɹ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ llɐɥs puɐ noʎ oʇ ǝɔıʇou ǝpıʌoɹd llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'sǝıʇɹɐd ɹo ʎʇɹɐd ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎuɐ ʇsuıɐƃɐ ʇɥƃnoɹq sı ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ʇuǝʌǝ ǝɥʇ uı ˙("ɯıɐlɔ" ɐ) noʎ ʎq soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐloıʌ ʎuɐ oʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ 'sǝǝɟ s,ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'sǝsuǝdxǝ puɐ sʇsoɔ 'sǝssol 'sǝıʇılıqɐıl llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ɯoɹɟ ssǝlɯɹɐɥ ("sǝıʇɹɐd ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ" ǝɥʇ ʎlǝʌıʇɔǝlloɔ) sɹǝuʇɹɐd puɐ 'sǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ 'sɹǝpıʌoɹd uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı 'sʇuǝƃɐ 'uoıʇɐɹʇsıuıɯpɐ 'sɹǝuʍo sʇı puɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ploɥ puɐ ʎɟıuɯǝpuı 'puǝɟǝp oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ
uoıʇɐɔıɟıuɯǝpuı
˙uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɔıɟɟɐɹʇ puɐ sǝssǝɹppɐ dı 'slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ pǝʇsod 'ʎɹoʇsıɥ ǝƃɐsn 'sǝssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯ-ǝ 'sǝlıɟoɹd ɹnoʎ oʇ ƃuıʇɐlǝɹ sǝıʇıʇuǝ ɹo suosɹǝd ɥɔns oʇ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ɹo ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ƃuısolɔsıp puɐ sǝıʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'sɹoʇɐlnƃǝɹ 'slɐıɔıɟɟo ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ ʍɐl oʇ ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lnɟʍɐlun pǝʇɔǝdsns ʎuɐ ƃuıʇɹodǝɹ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ɯǝǝp ǝʍ uoıʇɔɐ ʎuɐ ǝʞɐʇ oʇ puɐ soʇ ɹno ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ pǝʇɹodǝɹ ɹo sʇuıɐldɯoɔ ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lnɟʍɐlun
˙ʌoƃ˙sıɔsn ǝǝs ǝsɐǝld ʎʇıunɯɯoɔ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ǝɥʇ ɟo sɹǝqɯǝɯ llɐ sʇɔǝɟɟɐ pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ʍoɥ puɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoɯ ɹoɟ
˙pɹɐoq sıɥʇ ɯoɹɟ pǝʌoɯǝɹ ǝq llıʍ sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı oʇ ǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ ƃuıuıɐʇuoɔ sʇsod/spɐǝɹɥʇ pǝʇɹodǝɹ llɐ ˙3242-743-668-1 ʇɐ ǝɔı ǝuoɥdǝlǝʇ uɐɔ noʎ ɹo ʌoƃ˙sɥp@ʎldǝɹ˙uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ʇɐ lıɐɯǝ ɐıʌ ǝɔı ʇɔɐʇuoɔ uɐɔ noʎ ˙ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ sɯoʇsnɔ puɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı 'ʎʇıɹnɔǝs puɐlǝɯoɥ ɟo ʇuǝɯʇɹɐdǝp ǝɥʇ oʇ ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ ɥɔns ʇɹodǝɹ ʎǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ uı pǝʌloʌuı ǝuoǝɯos ɟo ʎlʇɔǝɹıp sʍouʞ ɹǝsn ɹo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ʎuɐ ɟı ʇɐɥʇ spuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɹǝuuɐɯ ɹo ǝdɐɥs 'ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ǝuopuoɔ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ʇnoqɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʇuɐʇɹodɯı
˙sǝƃɐɯɐp ɥɔns ɟo ʎʇılıqıssod ǝɥʇ ɟo pǝsıʌpɐ sı ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇou ɹo ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ puɐ 'ʎɹoǝɥʇ lɐƃǝl ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo 'ʇɹoʇ 'ʇɔɐɹʇuoɔ 'ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ uo pǝsɐq ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsn oʇ ʎʇılıqɐuı ɹo ǝsn ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ƃuıʇlnsǝɹ (sʇıɟoɹd ʇsol ɹo ʎɹɐldɯǝxǝ 'lɐıɔǝds 'lɐıʇuǝnbǝsuoɔ 'lɐıʇuǝpıɔuı 'ʇɔǝɹıpuı 'ʇɔǝɹıp 'uoıʇɐʇıɯıl ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ƃuıpnlɔuı) ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ sǝƃɐɯɐp ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ ɹo ɹǝsn ʎuɐ oʇ ǝlqɐıl ǝq sɹǝılddns sʇı ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ llɐɥs ʇuǝʌǝ ou uı
sǝƃɐɯɐp ɟo ɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp / ʎʇılıqɐıl ɟo uoıʇɐʇıɯıl
˙ǝɯıʇ ʎuɐ ʇɐ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ 'ʎʇılɐuoıʇɔunɟ 'sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ sʇı oʇ sǝƃuɐɥɔ ɹo/puɐ sʇuǝɯǝʌoɹdɯı ǝʞɐɯ ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ uı pǝʇɐʇs ʎlssǝɹdxǝ ʇou ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʎuɐ ǝʇɐǝɹɔ llɐɥs 'sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo ǝʇısqǝʍ ʎuɐ ɯoɹɟ noʎ ʎq pǝuıɐʇqo 'uǝʇʇıɹʍ ɹo lɐɹo ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɹo ǝɔıʌpɐ ou ˙sʇuǝuodɯoɔ lnɟɯɹɐɥ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo sǝsɹoɥ uɐɾoɹʇ 'sɯɹoʍ 'sǝsnɹıʌ ɟo ǝǝɹɟ sı sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ ǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ɹo uo ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ʇɐɥʇ ɹo ǝǝɹɟ ɹoɹɹǝ ɹo pǝʇdnɹɹǝʇuıun ǝq 'suoıʇɐʇɔǝdxǝ ɹo sʇuǝɯǝɹınbǝɹ ɹnoʎ ʇǝǝɯ llıʍ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ ǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ǝsodɹnd ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɹoɟ ssǝuʇıɟ ɹo ʎʇılıqɐʇuɐɥɔɹǝɯ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ pǝıldɯı ɹo ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuıuou 'ǝlʇıʇ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'pǝıldɯı ɹo ssǝɹdxǝ ɹǝɥʇıǝ 'puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʇnoɥʇıʍ sısɐq "ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ sɐ" puɐ "sı sɐ" uɐ uo pǝpıʌoɹd sı sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ɹo uo ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ ǝɹɐʍʇɟos 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ puɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ɟo ɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʇı sǝop ɹou ʎq pǝsɹopuǝ ɹǝɥʇıǝu sı puɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɥʇ ɟo sʇɥƃnoɥʇ ǝɥʇ ʎlǝlos ʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ǝɥʇ uı suoıuıdo puɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ puɐʇsɹǝpun noʎ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ƃuıɹɐǝddɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ uı pǝuıɐʇuoɔ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɟo ɯɹoɟ ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ 'suoıuıdo 'sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ǝɥʇ uı ʎʇıuɐɟoɹd ɹo ʎɥdɐɹƃouɹod 'ʎʇıuǝɔsqo 'pooɥǝslɐɟ 'suoıssıɯo 'uoıʇɐɯɐɟǝp 'ʍɐl ɟo sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇssıɯ 'sǝʞɐʇsıɯ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqɐıl ou sǝɯnssɐ puɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq ʇou llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ sʞuıl ɐıʌ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ǝq ʎɐɯ ɹo sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ɹɐǝddɐ ʎɐɯ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ
ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ
˙slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ s’ɹosuods ɹo s’ɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ ʎuɐ uı ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐuı ɹo ɹoɹɹǝ ʎuɐ ɹo ɟo ʎʇılɐƃǝllı ǝɥʇ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq ʇou llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʍɐl ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ɥʇıʍ sǝıldɯoɔ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo uoısnlɔuı ɹoɟ pǝʇʇıɯqns lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ʇɐɥʇ ƃuıɹnsuǝ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ sɹosuods puɐ sɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ ˙dıɥsɹosuods puɐ ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ uıɐʇuoɔ ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ
˙sʇuǝılɔ ǝʌıʇɔǝdsoɹd ɯoɹɟ ʇuǝɯʎoldɯǝ ʇıɔılos ʇou llıʍ puɐ ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ɹǝɟɟo ʇou llıʍ noʎ 'sɯooɹ ʇɐɥɔ puɐ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ʎuɐ ǝsn noʎ uǝɥʍ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ puɐ ǝǝɹƃɐ ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ noʎ ˙sǝlnɹ ǝsǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ǝɔuɐıldɯoɔ ɹnoʎ ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ llɐ sɯıɐlɔsıp ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇɔɐɟ ɟo suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹsıɯ puɐ 'ʍɐl ɟo ǝɔıʇɔɐɹd pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun 'sʇuǝılɔ ɟo uoıʇɐʇıɔılos 'ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ oʇ ƃuıʇɐlǝɹ sǝlnɹ ǝɥʇ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ǝɹɐ ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı sǝlnɹ ǝɥʇ ˙sǝlnɹ ɥɔns ʎq ǝpıqɐ llıʍ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ uoıʇɐdıɔıʇɹɐd ɹnoʎ ɟo sʇɔǝdsɐ llɐ oʇ ʎlddɐ ʇɔnpuoɔ lɐuoıssǝɟoɹd ɟo sǝlnɹ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ 'sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ɹo sɯooɹ ʇɐɥɔ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ʎuɐ ƃuısn ɹo ʇɔǝdsɐ ʎuɐ uı ƃuıʇɐdıɔıʇɹɐd 'ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ uɐ ǝɹɐ noʎ ɟı
ǝɔıʇou sɔıɥʇǝ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ
˙lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ ɹo pǝƃǝlıʌıɹd sɐ pǝʇɐǝɹʇ ʇou ǝɹɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ llɐ ˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uı pǝʇsıl sɯǝʇı ɟo uoıʇdǝɔxǝ ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ ɹo pǝƃǝlıʌıɹd sı sɐ pǝʇɐǝɹʇ sı ǝʇıs qǝʍ sıɥʇ oʇ pǝʇʇıɯqns ƃuıɥʇou ˙ʞuıl ǝʍ ɥɔıɥʍ oʇ sǝʇıs ɹǝɥʇo ʇɐ ɹo sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʎʇılıqɐılǝɹ ɹo ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ǝɥʇ ƃuıuɹǝɔuoɔ ǝǝʇuɐɹɐnƃ ɹo ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ou ǝʞɐɯ ǝʍ 'sǝɔɹnos ǝpısʇno ʎq pǝpıʌoɹd uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ǝɥʇ puɐ ʍɐl ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐu ƃuıƃuɐɥɔ ʎlpıdɐɹ ǝɥʇ oʇ ǝnp 'ɹǝʌoǝɹoɯ ˙uoıʇɔıpsıɹnɾ ʇuɐʌǝlǝɹ ǝɥʇ uı lǝsunoɔ lɐƃǝl ʇuǝpuǝdǝpuı 'ʇuǝʇǝdɯoɔ ɐ ɯoɹɟ ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ƃuıuıɐʇqo ɹoɟ ǝʇnʇıʇsqns ɐ ʇou sı ǝʇıs sıɥʇ sɐ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ pǝsuǝɔıl ɐ ɥʇıʍ ƃuıʇlnsuoɔ ʇnoɥʇıʍ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ uo ʎlǝɹ ɹo uo ʇɔɐ ʇou op ˙pǝɯɹoɟ sı dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ʇuǝılɔ-ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ou puɐ ǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ʎuɐ ɹǝpun ƃuılǝsunoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐıpǝɯ 'suoıʇɐpuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ 'ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇou sǝop puɐ oʇ pǝpuǝʇuı ʇou sı (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ǝpɐɯ ɹo uo pǝuıɐʇuoɔ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı
dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ʇuǝılɔ-ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ɹo ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ou
˙ʞsıɹ uʍo ɹnoʎ ʇɐ os op noʎ 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ pǝʞuıl ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ ǝpıɔǝp noʎ ɟı ˙sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ɥɔns uo slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɟo ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpɹɐƃǝɹ suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ ʎuɐ ǝʞɐɯ ʇou sǝop puɐ sǝʇıs ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ pǝʞuıl ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ʇou sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ɥɔns uo sʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq ʇuǝɯǝsɹopuǝ uɐ sɐ ʇou puɐ noʎ oʇ ǝɔuǝıuǝʌuoɔ ɐ sɐ ʎlǝlos pǝpıʌoɹd ǝɹɐ sʞuıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɹǝɥʇo ʎq pǝuıɐʇuıɐɯ ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ oʇ sʞuıl uıɐʇuoɔ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ
sǝʇıs ɹǝɥʇo oʇ sʞuıl
˙sʍɐl ʎʇɹǝdoɹd lɐnʇɔǝllǝʇuı ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ ("ɐɔɯp") 8991 ɟo ʇɔɐ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ɯnıuuǝllıɯ lɐʇıƃıp ǝɥʇ ɹǝpun suoıʇɔɐ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ǝʞɐʇ llıʍ puɐ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı pǝƃǝllɐ ɟo sǝɔıʇou ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı puɐ ssǝɔoɹd llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ɟo ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ƃuıʌıǝɔǝɹ ɹǝʇɟɐ ˙ǝɹǝɥ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ɟo ɯıɐlɔ ɹnoʎ ʇıɯqns ǝsɐǝld
˙ɟlɐɥǝq s,ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ uo ʇɔɐ oʇ pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɹɐ ɹo ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ǝɹɐ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ sı ǝɔıʇou ɹnoʎ uı uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝʌoqɐ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʎɹnɾɹǝd ɟo ʎʇlɐuǝd ɹǝpun ǝpɐɯ 'ʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɐ 6
؛ʍɐl ǝɥʇ ɹo 'ʇuǝƃɐ sʇı 'ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ʎq pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ ʇou sı ǝsn pǝʇndsıp ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ɟǝılǝq ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ ɐ ǝʌɐɥ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ noʎ ʎq ʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɐ 5
؛ssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯǝ puɐ 'ɹǝqɯnu ǝuoɥdǝlǝʇ 'ssǝɹppɐ 'ǝɯɐu ɹnoʎ 4
؛lɹn llnɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐɔol oʇ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇıɯɹǝd oʇ ʇuǝıɔıɟɟns ʎlqɐuosɐǝɹ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı puɐ ƃuıƃuıɹɟuı ǝq oʇ pǝɯıɐlɔ sı ʇɐɥʇ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐɔıɟıʇuǝpı 3
؛pǝƃuıɹɟuı uǝǝq sɐɥ ɯıɐlɔ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʞɹoʍ pǝʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐɔıɟıʇuǝpı 2
؛ɟlɐɥǝq s,ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ uo ʇɔɐ oʇ pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ uosɹǝd ǝɥʇ ɹo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐuƃıs ɔıuoɹʇɔǝlǝ uɐ 1
:uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ƃuıʍolloɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpıʌoɹd ʎq sn ʎɟıʇou ʎɐɯ noʎ 'ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇɐɥʇ ʎɐʍ ɐ uı ǝʇıs sıɥʇ uo ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ sı puɐ pǝıdoɔ uǝǝq sɐɥ ʞɹoʍ ɹnoʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝʌǝılǝq noʎ ɟı
˙pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ʎlʇɔıɹʇs sı 'uoıssıɯɹǝd s,ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ʞuıl ǝʍ ɥɔıɥʍ oʇ sǝʇıs ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ (ǝsn ʇıɟoɹd-uou lɐuosɹǝd ɹoɟ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo) lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ pǝʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo uoıʇnqıɹʇsıp puɐ ƃuıpɐoluʍop pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun ʎuɐ ˙sɹǝɥʇo ɟo sʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ uo sǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɐɥʇ
sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ uo lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ 'oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ǝlqɐsıp ɹo 'ǝʌoɯǝɹ 'uoıʇǝɹɔsıp sʇı ʇɐ puɐ sǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ uı 'ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
ʇuǝƃɐ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ puɐ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ
˙sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹo 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo ǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ 'sǝsodɹnd lɐıɔɹǝɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo 'llǝsǝɹ 'llǝs oʇ ʇou ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ
ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɟo ǝlɐsǝɹ ou
˙ɥɔns ɟo uoıʇɐpuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɹo 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo sʇɔnpoɹd 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ɥɔns ɯoɹɟ ʇıɟǝuǝq ʇɔǝɹıpuı ɹo ʇɔǝɹıp ou ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ puɐ uı ʇsǝɹǝʇuı lɐıɔuɐuıɟ ou ǝʌɐɥ noʎ sɐ ƃuol os 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo spooƃ 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ puǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ɹo ssnɔsıp ʎɐɯ noʎ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uı ˙sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ǝʌıʇɔɐɹǝʇuı sʇı ɟo ʎuɐ ɹo sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ sʇuǝılɔ ǝʌıʇɔǝdsoɹd ɯoɹɟ ʇuǝɯʎoldɯǝ ƃuıʇıɔılos ɯoɹɟ pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ǝɹɐ sɯɹıɟ ʍɐl puɐ sɹǝʎʍɐl ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd uǝʇʇıɹʍ ɹoıɹd ssǝɹdxǝ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ ɹo suoıʇɐʇıɔılos ƃuıuıɐʇuoɔ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɐıʌ pǝıɟıʇuǝpı sǝıʇıʇuǝ ɹo suosɹǝd ʎuɐ oʇ ɹo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp ʇou llɐɥs noʎ ˙uoıʇɐʇıɔılos ou
˙sǝǝsuǝɔılqns ɟo sɹǝıʇ ǝldıʇlnɯ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ sʇɥƃıɹ ɥɔns ǝsuǝɔılqns oʇ puɐ 'pǝdolǝʌǝp ɹǝʇɟɐǝɹǝɥ ɹo uʍouʞ ʍou ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ ʎƃolouɥɔǝʇ ɹo 'ɐıpǝɯ 'ɯɹoɟ ʎuɐ uı sʞɹoʍ ɹǝɥʇo ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ɹo ǝuolɐ uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ʎɐldsıp puɐ 'ɯɹoɟɹǝd 'ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp 'ǝʇɐlsuɐɹʇ 'ʇıpǝ 'ɥsılqnd 'ʎɟıpoɯ 'ǝɔnpoɹdǝɹ 'ǝsn oʇ ǝsuǝɔıl ǝʌısnlɔxǝ-uou 'ǝlqɐɔoʌǝɹɹı 'lɐnʇǝdɹǝd 'ǝǝɹɟ-ʎʇlɐʎoɹ ɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇuɐɹƃ ʎllɐɔıʇɐɯoʇnɐ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ƃuıʇsod ʎq ˙ʇuɐɹƃ ǝsuǝɔıl
˙ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ sɐ 'sʇɥƃıɹ ǝsoɥʇ ƃuıʇɔǝʇoɹd ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ noʎ puɐ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo ʎɐldsıp ɹo ʇsod 'ʇıɯqns noʎ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ puɐ ʞɹɐɯǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇuǝʇɐd llɐ uıɐʇǝɹ 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ sɐ 'ɹosuǝɔıl ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɐ ɹo noʎ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo noʎ ʎq pǝʎɐldsıp ɹo pǝʇsod 'pǝʇʇıɯqns ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ɹo dıɥsɹǝuʍo ou sɯıɐlɔ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʇɥƃıɹ puɐ dıɥsɹǝuʍo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙poɥʇǝɯ ɹo ɹǝuuɐɯ 'ǝdɐɥs 'ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ʇıɯɯoɔ oʇ ʍoɥ uo sɹǝɥʇo 'ʎlʇɔǝɹıpuı ɹo ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ɹǝɥʇıǝ 'ʇɔnɹʇsuı ɹo ǝuopuoɔ •
˙sǝsuǝʇǝɹd ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ɹo ǝslɐɟ ɹǝpun ɹo suɐǝɯ pǝʇɐɯoʇnɐ ʎq sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝsn ǝʇɐǝɹɔ •
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝsɹopuǝ ɹo pǝɹosuods sı ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ʇɐɥʇ sǝıldɯı ɹo sǝssǝɹdxǝ ʎlǝslɐɟ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʇıɯqns •
ǝsodɹnd pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun ʎuɐ ɹoɟ sɹǝsn ʇnoqɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʇɔǝlloɔ ɹo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ xǝpuı ɹo ǝʌǝıɹʇǝɹ oʇ ǝɔıʌǝp ɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'uoıʇɐɔılddɐ lɐʌǝıɹʇǝɹ/ɥɔɹɐǝs ǝʇıs 'ɹǝpıds 'ʇoqoɹ ʎuɐ ǝsn •
˙ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı pǝʇʇıɯsuɐɹʇǝɹ ɹo sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇsod ƃuıǝq ɯoɹɟ pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ʎlʇɔıɹʇs ǝɹɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ puɐ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɹo sɹoʇɐɹʇsıuıɯpɐ uǝǝʍʇǝq (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uo sʇsod ǝlqɐʍǝıʌ ʎlɔılqnd ɟo uoıʇdǝɔxǝ ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ) uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʇɔǝɹıp ʎuɐ ʎllɐuoıʇıppɐ ˙uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹoɥʇnɐ lɐuıƃıɹo ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd ssǝɹdxǝ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ ǝɔuǝpıɟuoɔ uı ʇdǝʞ ǝq oʇ sɐʍ ǝƃɐssǝɯ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ɟǝılǝq pǝıldɯı ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ɹo ǝɔuǝpıɟuoɔ uı pǝʇʇıɯsuɐɹʇ ʎllɐuıƃıɹo ɹo pǝuıɐʇqo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙sɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇo ʎq ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝɯʎoɾuǝ lɐuosɹǝd ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ʎɐʍɐ sǝʞɐʇ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝɯnƃɹɐ uɐ ǝʇɐƃıʇsuı ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ǝlʇʇılǝq 'ɟo unɟ ǝʞɐɯ 'ǝzıuoƃɐʇuɐ 'ʇǝsdn oʇ pǝuƃısǝp ʎlǝsodɹnd ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇouɐ pɹɐʍoʇ pǝıldɯı ɹo ʇɔǝɹıp ɹǝɥʇıǝ ʇsod ɐ uı sʇuǝɯɯoɔ ǝʞɐɯ •
˙sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıʎoɾuǝ puɐ ƃuısn ɯoɹɟ ɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ʇıqıɥuı ɹo ʇɔıɹʇsǝɹ •
˙pǝʇsod sı ʇɐɥʇ ǝlıɟ ɐ uı pǝuıɐʇuoɔ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos ɟo ǝɔɹnos ɹo uıƃıɹo ǝɥʇ ɟo slǝqɐl ɹo suoıʇɐuƃısǝp ʎɹɐʇǝıɹdoɹd ɹo sǝɔıʇou ɹǝdoɹd ɹǝɥʇo ɹo lɐƃǝl 'suoıʇnqıɹʇʇɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ʎuɐ ǝʇǝlǝp ɹo ʎɟıslɐɟ ɹo 'ʎʇıʇuǝ ɹo uosɹǝd ɹǝɥʇouɐ ǝʇɐuosɹǝdɯı •
˙ɹǝuuɐɯ ɥɔns uı pǝʇnqıɹʇsıp ʎllɐƃǝl ǝq ʇouuɐɔ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʍouʞ plnoɥs ʎlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɹo 'ʍouʞ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇouɐ ʎq pǝʇsod ǝlıɟ ʎuɐ pɐoluʍop •
˙sǝsn ɥɔns ɹoɟ pǝpuǝʇuı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sɐǝɹɐ uı uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo 'sɹǝʇʇǝl uıɐɥɔ ɹo sǝɯǝɥɔs pıɯɐɹʎd 'sʇsǝʇuoɔ 'sʎǝʌɹns pɹɐʍɹoɟ ɹo ʇɔnpuoɔ •
˙sǝsn ɥɔns ɹoɟ pǝpuǝʇuı ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sɐǝɹɐ uı uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo 'ǝsodɹnd lɐıɔɹǝɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo spooƃ ʎuɐ llǝs oʇ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo ǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ •
˙ɹǝʇndɯoɔ s,ɹǝɥʇouɐ ɟo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ǝƃɐɯɐp ʎɐɯ ʇɐɥʇ sɯɐɹƃoɹd ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos ɹɐlıɯıs ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo 'sǝlıɟ pǝʇdnɹɹoɔ 'sǝsnɹıʌ uıɐʇuoɔ ʇɐɥʇ sǝlıɟ ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʇıɯsuɐɹʇ ɹo ʇsod oʇ ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ ɹo sʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ǝɹɐ noʎ ssǝlun '("sʇɥƃıɹ" ǝɥʇ) ʎʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɟo ʇɥƃıɹ ʎɹɐʇǝıɹdoɹd ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ʇǝɹɔǝs ǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ 'ʞɹɐɯǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇuǝʇɐd ʎuɐ sǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ 'lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı ɹo 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ lnɟʍɐlun ɹo 'ǝuǝɔsqo 'ƃuıƃuıɹɟuı 'ʎɹoʇɐɯɐɟǝp 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐuı ʎuɐ ǝɯɐs ǝɥʇ op oʇ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯǝssıp ɹo ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp 'pɐoldn 'ʇsod 'ɥsılqnd •
˙sɹǝɥʇo ɟo (ʎʇıɔılqnd puɐ ʎɔɐʌıɹd ɟo sʇɥƃıɹ sɐ ɥɔns) sʇɥƃıɹ lɐƃǝl ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐloıʌ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo uǝʇɐǝɹɥʇ 'ʞlɐʇs 'ssɐɹɐɥ 'ǝsnqɐ 'ǝɯɐɟǝp •
:ʇou llıʍ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ƃuısn uǝɥʍ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'uoıʇɐʇıɯıl ɐ sɐ ʇou puɐ 'ǝldɯɐxǝ ɟo ʎɐʍ ʎq ˙ɹǝʇʇɐɯ ʇɔǝɾqns ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ oslɐ uǝɥʇ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd ɟı puɐ ɹǝdoɹd '(lɐƃǝl) ”ʍɐl ʎq pǝʇʇıɯɹǝd ɹo ɥʇıʍ ʎʇıɯɹoɟuoɔ uı“ sı ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı puɐ 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ puɐ puǝs oʇ ʎluo (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ǝsn oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ sǝɔuǝnbǝsuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ puɐ ʇsod noʎ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ puɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙sǝsn pǝʇʇıɯɹǝd
˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq sǝʇndsıp ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ 'uoıʇɐƃılqo ou sɐɥ ʇnq 'ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɥʇıʍ suoıʇɔɐɹǝʇuı ɹnoʎ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ʎlǝlos ǝɹɐ noʎ ˙sǝʇndsıp ɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ʎlɔılqnd ǝpɐɯ uǝǝq sɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ sɹǝsn ƃuıʍollɐ ʎq ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɐ sǝpıʌoɹd ʎldɯıs pɐǝʇsuı puɐ 'sɹǝɥʇo ʎq pǝʇsod suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ loɹʇuoɔ ɹo ɹoʇıuoɯ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ puɐʇsɹǝpun noʎ 'pɹɐƃǝɹ sıɥʇ uı ˙pǝʇsod ʎǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ sǝƃɐssǝɯ ʇnoqɐ ǝʌɐɥ ʎɐɯ noʎ sǝʇndsıp ʎuɐ sǝıʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ʎlǝʌısnlɔxǝ puɐ ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ǝʌlosǝɹ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ʇsɐɹʇuoɔ uı ˙ɟlǝsɹnoʎ pǝʇsod ǝʌɐɥ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ ʇsǝnbǝɹ ʎɐɯ noʎ ˙ƃuıʌıɥɔɹɐ puɐ ƃuıʞnu
˙ǝʌıʇɔɐuı uǝǝq sɐɥ ʇunoɔɔɐ s,ɹǝsn ǝɥʇ ǝlıɥʍ poıɹǝd ǝʌıssǝɔxǝ uɐ ɹoɟ pǝɹoʇs slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝʇǝlǝp oʇ ɹo ɹǝsn ɹǝd ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ǝɔɐds ǝƃɐɹoʇs ɟo ʇunoɯɐ ǝɥʇ ʇıɯıl oʇ 'uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos sʇı uı 'ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʇsod puɐ sǝuılǝɯıʇ 'suoıʇɔunɟ ɹɐpuǝlɐɔ 'sǝƃɐd qǝʍ 'ʇɐɥɔ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝlıɟoɹd 'sǝƃɐɯı 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ lɐuosɹǝd 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ lıɐɯǝ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ǝɹɐ ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı sǝldɯɐxǝ ˙sɹǝsn ɟo ɟlɐɥǝq uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoʇs ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʎuɐɯ ˙ǝƃɐɹoʇs
˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝǝs 'lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı ʎɔɐʌıɹd oʇ ɥɔɐoɹddɐ s’ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoɯ ɹoɟ ˙sǝƃɐd ǝsoɥʇ uo pǝʇɐʇs ʎlʇıɔıldxǝ ǝq llıʍ ʇɔɐɟ ʇɐɥʇ 'lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ sɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐǝɹʇ ǝq llıʍ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɟo uoıssıɯqns ǝɥʇ sʇıɯɹǝd ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɟı ˙lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ-uou ǝq oʇ pǝɹǝpısuoɔ sı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ʇsod noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ 'ʎllɐɹǝuǝƃ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ǝslǝ ǝuoʎuɐ ɹo uǝɹplıɥɔ ɹnoʎ 'ɟlǝsɹnoʎ ʇnoqɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ƃuıʎɟıʇuǝpı ʎllɐuosɹǝd ʎuɐ ƃuıʇsod uǝɥʍ uoıʇnɐɔ ǝsn sʎɐʍlɐ ˙ǝƃpǝlʍouʞ ɹnoʎ ʇnoɥʇıʍ pǝʇsod noʎ ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹnoʎ pɐǝɹ ʎɐɯ sɹǝɥʇo ǝɹoɟǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝʇɐʌıɹd ʇou puɐ ɔılqnd suıɐʇuoɔ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ ˙ʎɔɐʌıɹd
˙sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ lɐuoıʇıppɐ ƃuıɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq 'ƃuıpnlɔuı poɥʇǝɯ ʎuɐ ʎq uoısuǝdsns ɹo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ssɐdʎq oʇ ʇdɯǝʇʇɐ ʇou llıʍ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ pǝpuǝdsns ɹo pǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ sı ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ɟı ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹo ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ɟo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɹo uoısuǝdsns ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ ɹo noʎ oʇ ǝlqɐıl ǝq ʇou llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐ ǝpɐɯ ǝq llɐɥs suoısuǝdsns puɐ suoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ llɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ƃuıɹɹɐq (ɔ) puɐ '(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ǝpısuı ɹo ɥʇıʍ pǝʇɐıɔossɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ sǝlıɟ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı pǝʇɐlǝɹ llɐ puɐ pɹoʍssɐd ɹnoʎ ɟo uoıʇǝlǝp (q) 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ (ɐ) 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ǝq ʇou ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı ʎɐɯ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ɟo uoısuǝdsns ɹo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ˙sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ uı pǝƃɐƃuǝ ǝʌɐɥ noʎ (ƃ) ɹo/puɐ 'ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐuı ɟo spoıɹǝd pǝpuǝʇxǝ (ɟ) 'sɯǝlqoɹd ɹo sǝnssı ʎʇıɹnɔǝs ɹo lɐɔıuɥɔǝʇ pǝʇɔǝdxǝun (ǝ) '(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ uoıʇɐɔıɟıpoɯ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo ǝɔuɐnuıʇuoɔsıp (p) 'noʎ ʎq ʇsǝnbǝɹ ɐ (ɔ) 'sǝıɔuǝƃɐ ʇuǝɯuɹǝʌoƃ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ ʍɐl ʎq sʇsǝnbǝɹ (q) 'sǝuılǝpınƃ ɹo sʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ pǝʇɐɹodɹoɔuı ɹǝɥʇo ɹo soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹo sǝɥɔɐǝɹq (ɐ) 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ǝq ʇou ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı ʎɐɯ uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɥɔns ɹoɟ ǝsnɐɔ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ puɐ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ (ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos ǝɥʇ ʇɐ pǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp ǝɯıʇ ɟo poıɹǝd ɐ ɹoɟ) puǝdsns ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ʎlǝʇɐıpǝɯɯı 'ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ puɐ ǝɔıʇou ɹoıɹd ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙uoısuǝdsns puɐ uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ
˙ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ǝɔıʇou ʇnoɥʇıʍ ǝɯıʇ ʎuɐ ʇɐ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo llɐ ɹo ʎuɐ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ʇɔıɹʇsǝɹ ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ ɥɔns ɟo ǝɔuɐɯɹoɟɹǝd-uou ɹo ǝɔuɐɯɹoɟɹǝd ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ ɹo ʎʇılıqɐıl ou ǝʌɐɥ llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ ǝɥʇ ʇsǝnbǝɹ ɹo ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos sʇı uı puɐ ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ uı ǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp puɐ uoıʇɐƃǝllɐ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɯɹǝʇ ʎuɐ oʇ ɯɹoɟuoɔ ʇou op ʎlpǝƃǝllɐ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ sɹǝʌoɔsıp ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟı ˙sʇɥƃıɹ s’ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo uoıʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ou ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ɹo suoıuıdo ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou op ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɐ ʎq ǝpɐɯ sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɹo suoıuıdo ʎuɐ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ʎq punoq ʎllnɟ ǝɹɐ sǝıʇılıqɐıl puɐ suoıʇɔɐ ɹıǝɥʇ ˙pɹɐoq ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ puoʎǝq ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐılıɟɟɐ ɹo dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ɐ ʎldɯı ʎɐʍ ou uı plnoɥs sǝıʇılıqɐ pǝʇıɯıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp uı spɐǝɹɥʇ ǝʌoɯ puɐ ǝsolɔ 'ʇsod oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹd ɹo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ou ǝʌɐɥ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ʎq pıɐd 'pǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ ʎɐʍ ou uı sı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ƃuıǝq 'ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɐ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uo spɐǝɹɥʇ ɹo sʇsod ǝʌoɯ puɐ ǝsolɔ oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ lɐuoıʇıppɐ ǝɥʇ sɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ oʇ sɹǝɟǝɹ ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ˙sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ɹo suoıuıdo ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou op ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ʎq ǝpɐɯ sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɹo suoıuıdo ʎuɐ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ʎq punoq ʎllnɟ ǝɹɐ sǝıʇılıqɐıl puɐ suoıʇɔɐ ɹıǝɥʇ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐılıɟɟɐ ɹo dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ɐ ʎldɯı ʎɐʍ ou uı plnoɥs sǝıʇılıqɐ pǝʇıɯıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp uı ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝʌoɯ sǝsɐɔ ǝɯos uı puɐ ʇsod oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹd ɹo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ou ǝʌɐɥ sɹǝqɯǝɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ʎq pıɐd 'pǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ ʎɐʍ ou uı sı ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ˙ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɐ pǝuıɐʇqo sɐɥ puɐ uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ pǝʇǝldɯoɔ sɐɥ oɥʍ ǝʇıs ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝsn ɐ oʇ sɹǝɟǝɹ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙ʇunoɔɔɐ ǝuo ɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ ʎluo ʎɐɯ noʎ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ǝɹnʇnɟ ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ǝsnɟǝɹ puɐ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɹo puǝdsns oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sɐɥ ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔuı ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ ʇou 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'ǝnɹʇun sı uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɥɔns ʇɐɥʇ ʇɔǝdsns oʇ spunoɹƃ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ sɐɥ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɹo 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔuı ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ ʇou 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'ǝnɹʇun sı ʇɐɥʇ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝpıʌoɹd noʎ ɟı ˙ǝɹnɔǝs pɹoʍssɐd ɹnoʎ ƃuıdǝǝʞ ɹoɟ puɐ ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɹnoʎ ɹǝpun ƃuıɹɹnɔɔo sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ llɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq llıʍ noʎ puɐ pɹoʍssɐd puɐ ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɐ ʇɔǝlǝs oʇ pǝʞsɐ ǝq llıʍ noʎ 'ssǝɔoɹd uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ˙ssǝɔoɹd uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯǝ ɹnoʎ ǝʇɐpılɐʌ puɐ ɯɹıɟuoɔ (4) puɐ 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɹoɟ soʇ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ puɐ pɐǝɹ ʎllnɟ (3) 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔ puɐ ʇuǝɹɹnɔ 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ǝnɹʇ ʇı dǝǝʞ oʇ ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sɐ ɐʇɐp uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐpdn ʎlʇdɯoɹd puɐ uıɐʇuıɐɯ (2) '("ɐʇɐp uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ" ǝɥʇ 'ʎlǝʌıʇɔǝlloɔ) ɯɹoɟ uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝʇǝldɯoɔ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ǝnɹʇ ǝpıʌoɹd ʎllɐuosɹǝd (1) :ʇsnɯ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ noʎ uǝɥʍ ˙uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ
˙ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sı lɐʌoɯǝɹ ʇɐɥʇ ǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp ǝʍ ɟı 'ǝɯɐɹɟ ǝɯıʇ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɐ uıɥʇıʍ 'os op oʇ ʇɹoɟɟǝ ʎɹǝʌǝ ǝʞɐɯ llıʍ ǝʍ puɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ ǝʍ ˙(sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ uı ʇsod ɥɔɐǝ ʍolǝq sı ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝɥʇ oʇ ʞuıl ɐ) ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ʎq sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ uo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo ʇɹodǝɹ oʇ pǝƃɐɹnoɔuǝ ǝɹɐ sɹǝqɯǝɯ 'ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd uı ˙uoıʇɔǝs ,sn ʇɔɐʇuoɔ, ǝɥʇ ƃuıʇısıʌ ʎq ʎlǝʇɐıpǝɯɯı sn ʇɔɐʇuoɔ oʇ pǝƃɐɹnoɔuǝ sı ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo sı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ slǝǝɟ oɥʍ ɹǝsn ʎuɐ
˙uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uı 'ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ 'ʇɹɐd uı ɹo ǝloɥʍ uı 'slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ɹo ʇsod oʇ ǝsnɟǝɹ 'ʇıpǝ oʇ ɹo 'ʇsǝnbǝɹ lɐʇuǝɯuɹǝʌoƃ ɹo ssǝɔoɹd lɐƃǝl 'uoıʇɐlnƃǝɹ 'ʍɐl ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ʎuɐ ʎɟsıʇɐs oʇ ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝsolɔsıp oʇ sǝɯıʇ llɐ ʇɐ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ɹǝʌǝʍoɥ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ uoıʇɐƃılqo ou sɐɥ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ puɐ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝɹǝʌılǝp uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ loɹʇuoɔ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ uoıʇɐƃılqo ou
˙ʞsıɹ uʍo ɹnoʎ ʇɐ ǝq llıʍ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ʎuɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sʍǝıʌ ǝɥʇ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou puɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɥʇ ɟo sʍǝıʌ ǝɥʇ ssǝɹdxǝ sʇsod puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝsǝɥʇ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ʎʇılıqɐılǝɹ ɹo 'ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ssǝulnɟɥʇnɹʇ ǝɥʇ ǝǝʇuɐɹɐnƃ ɹo ʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ 'ʇɹoddns 'ǝsɹopuǝ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇuǝɯǝsɹopuǝ ou
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ɟo ssǝulnɟǝsn ɹo 'ssǝuǝʇǝldɯoɔ 'ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ǝɥʇ uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ʎuɐ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ 'ɥʇıʍ pǝʇɐıɔossɐ sʞsıɹ llɐ ɹɐǝq puɐ 'ǝʇɐnlɐʌǝ ʇsnɯ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇlnsǝɹ ɐ sɐ pǝɹɹnɔuı puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝƃɐɯɐp ɹo ssol ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɹo 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ uı suoıssıɯo ɹo sɹoɹɹǝ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq 'ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı ǝlqɐıl ǝq ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ llıʍ sǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ou ɹǝpun ˙ǝʌıʇdǝɔǝp ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ǝɹɐ ɹo pǝlǝqɐlsıɯ uǝǝq ǝʌɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ sƃuıʇsod 'sǝsɐɔ ǝɯos uı ɹo 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐuı ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'lnɟɯɹɐɥ 'ʇuǝɔǝpuı 'ǝʌısuǝɟɟo ʎɹɹɐɔ ʎɐɯ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ uo pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ 'ǝɹnʇɐu ʎɹǝʌ sʇı ʎq
˙noʎ oʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɐ sɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ sǝpıʌoɹd ʎlǝɹǝɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'pɐǝʇsuı ˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ ou sǝʞɐʇ puɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝ&
˙ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ƃuıɯoɔǝq noʎ ʎq pǝɯɹıɟɟɐ ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ sı puɐ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ɹnoʎ uodn pǝʇdǝɔɔɐ sı soʇ ǝɥʇ ˙ʇɔǝɟɟǝ lɐnʇɔɐɹʇuoɔ ɹo lɐƃǝl ou ǝʌɐɥ puɐ ʎluo ǝɔuǝıuǝʌuoɔ ɹoɟ ǝɹɐ ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ sıɥʇ uı sǝlʇıʇ uoıʇɔǝs ǝɥʇ ˙sʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ɹoıɹd ʎuɐ ƃuıpǝsɹǝdns 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ oʇ ʇɔǝdsǝɹ ɥʇıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ sʇɹɐd pǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ sʇı puɐ soʇ ǝɥʇ 'sǝƃɐd qǝʍ ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd uo "ǝɔıʇou lɐƃǝl" ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ uı pǝpıʌoɹd ʎlssǝɹdxǝ sɐ ʇdǝɔxǝ
lɐɹǝuǝƃ
˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇıpuoɔ ɹo sɯɹǝʇ ʎuɐ ɟo ɹǝʌıɐʍ ɐ ǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇou llɐɥs ɹǝpunǝɹǝɥ sʇɥƃıɹ ʎuɐ ǝɔɹoɟuǝ oʇ ʎʇɹɐd ɹǝɥʇıǝ ɟo ǝɹnlıɐɟ ǝɥʇ
ɹǝʌıɐʍ-uou
˙ʎʇılıqɐǝɔɹoɟuǝ puɐ ʎʇıpılɐʌ ɹıǝɥʇ ʇɔǝɟɟɐ ʇou llɐɥs puɐ suoısıʌoɹd ƃuıuıɐɯǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ǝlqɐɹǝʌǝs pǝɯǝǝp ǝq llɐɥs uoısıʌoɹd ʇɐɥʇ uǝɥʇ 'ǝlqɐǝɔɹoɟuǝun ɹo pıoʌ 'lnɟʍɐlun punoɟ sı soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoısıʌoɹd ʎuɐ ɟı ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsn puɐ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ ʇɔǝdsǝɹ ɥʇıʍ ɹǝpıʌoɹd puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq ʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ puɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo pǝuıɐʇuoɔ sɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp puɐ sǝɔıʇou llɐ ǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ ʎq sǝʇɐɹodɹoɔuı soʇ ǝɥʇ
suoısıʌoɹd ɟo ʎʇılıqɐɹǝʌǝs
˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd :ǝɹǝɥ ƃuıʞɔılɔ ʎq oʇ ʞuıl noʎ ɥɔıɥʍ 'ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ oʇ ʇɔǝɾqns oslɐ sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝsn ɹnoʎ
ʎɔɐʌıɹd
˙sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ʎuɐ oʇ (sǝssǝɹppɐ ɟo ǝƃuɐɹ ɹo) ssǝɹppɐ ʇǝuɹǝʇuı ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɯoɹɟ ssǝɔɔɐ ƃuıʞɔolq puɐ ǝʌɐɥ ʎɐɯ noʎ sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ƃuıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹoɟ sǝıpǝɯǝɹ ǝlqɐʇınbǝ puɐ lɐƃǝl llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ǝnsɹnd oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹoɟ sǝıpǝɯǝɹ
˙ǝɹǝɥ ɯǝɥʇ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝsɐǝld 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝɹɐʍɐ ǝɹɐ noʎ ɟı
suoıʇɐloıʌ
˙ʎuɐ ɟı sʇunoɯɐ ʇuǝɯǝlʇʇǝs ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɹoɟ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsɹnqɯıǝɹ oʇ puɐ 'oʇǝɹǝɥʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ suoıʇɐıʇoƃǝu ʇuǝɯǝlʇʇǝs ʎuɐ puɐ ǝsuǝɟǝp ɥɔns uı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇsıssɐ oʇ ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ uı ǝʇɐɹǝdooɔ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ǝɹoɯɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ˙ǝsuǝɟǝp ɥɔns ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐıɔossɐ uı pǝɹɹnɔuı spɹɐʍɐ sǝƃɐɯɐp ɹo (sǝǝɟ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ƃuıpnlɔuı) sʇsoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsɹnqɯıǝɹ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ɥɔns ʇsuıɐƃɐ puǝɟǝp oʇ ƃuısooɥɔ sʇı ɟo lǝsunoɔ uıɐʇǝɹ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ llɐɥs puɐ noʎ oʇ ǝɔıʇou ǝpıʌoɹd llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'sǝıʇɹɐd ɹo ʎʇɹɐd ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎuɐ ʇsuıɐƃɐ ʇɥƃnoɹq sı ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ʇuǝʌǝ ǝɥʇ uı ˙("ɯıɐlɔ" ɐ) noʎ ʎq soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐloıʌ ʎuɐ oʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ 'sǝǝɟ s,ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'sǝsuǝdxǝ puɐ sʇsoɔ 'sǝssol 'sǝıʇılıqɐıl llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ɯoɹɟ ssǝlɯɹɐɥ ("sǝıʇɹɐd ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ" ǝɥʇ ʎlǝʌıʇɔǝlloɔ) sɹǝuʇɹɐd puɐ 'sǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ 'sɹǝpıʌoɹd uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı 'sʇuǝƃɐ 'uoıʇɐɹʇsıuıɯpɐ 'sɹǝuʍo sʇı puɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ploɥ puɐ ʎɟıuɯǝpuı 'puǝɟǝp oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ
uoıʇɐɔıɟıuɯǝpuı
˙uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɔıɟɟɐɹʇ puɐ sǝssǝɹppɐ dı 'slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ pǝʇsod 'ʎɹoʇsıɥ ǝƃɐsn 'sǝssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯ-ǝ 'sǝlıɟoɹd ɹnoʎ oʇ ƃuıʇɐlǝɹ sǝıʇıʇuǝ ɹo suosɹǝd ɥɔns oʇ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ɹo ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ƃuısolɔsıp puɐ sǝıʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'sɹoʇɐlnƃǝɹ 'slɐıɔıɟɟo ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ ʍɐl oʇ ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lnɟʍɐlun pǝʇɔǝdsns ʎuɐ ƃuıʇɹodǝɹ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ɯǝǝp ǝʍ uoıʇɔɐ ʎuɐ ǝʞɐʇ oʇ puɐ soʇ ɹno ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ pǝʇɹodǝɹ ɹo sʇuıɐldɯoɔ ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lnɟʍɐlun
˙ʌoƃ˙sıɔsn ǝǝs ǝsɐǝld ʎʇıunɯɯoɔ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ǝɥʇ ɟo sɹǝqɯǝɯ llɐ sʇɔǝɟɟɐ pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ʍoɥ puɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoɯ ɹoɟ
˙pɹɐoq sıɥʇ ɯoɹɟ pǝʌoɯǝɹ ǝq llıʍ sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı oʇ ǝɔuǝɹǝɟǝɹ ƃuıuıɐʇuoɔ sʇsod/spɐǝɹɥʇ pǝʇɹodǝɹ llɐ ˙3242-743-668-1 ʇɐ ǝɔı ǝuoɥdǝlǝʇ uɐɔ noʎ ɹo ʌoƃ˙sɥp@ʎldǝɹ˙uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ʇɐ lıɐɯǝ ɐıʌ ǝɔı ʇɔɐʇuoɔ uɐɔ noʎ ˙ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ sɯoʇsnɔ puɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı 'ʎʇıɹnɔǝs puɐlǝɯoɥ ɟo ʇuǝɯʇɹɐdǝp ǝɥʇ oʇ ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ ɥɔns ʇɹodǝɹ ʎǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ uı pǝʌloʌuı ǝuoǝɯos ɟo ʎlʇɔǝɹıp sʍouʞ ɹǝsn ɹo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ʎuɐ ɟı ʇɐɥʇ spuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɹǝuuɐɯ ɹo ǝdɐɥs 'ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı pnɐɹɟ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı ǝuopuoɔ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ʇnoqɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʇuɐʇɹodɯı
˙sǝƃɐɯɐp ɥɔns ɟo ʎʇılıqıssod ǝɥʇ ɟo pǝsıʌpɐ sı ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇou ɹo ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ puɐ 'ʎɹoǝɥʇ lɐƃǝl ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo 'ʇɹoʇ 'ʇɔɐɹʇuoɔ 'ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ uo pǝsɐq ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝsn oʇ ʎʇılıqɐuı ɹo ǝsn ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ƃuıʇlnsǝɹ (sʇıɟoɹd ʇsol ɹo ʎɹɐldɯǝxǝ 'lɐıɔǝds 'lɐıʇuǝnbǝsuoɔ 'lɐıʇuǝpıɔuı 'ʇɔǝɹıpuı 'ʇɔǝɹıp 'uoıʇɐʇıɯıl ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ƃuıpnlɔuı) ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ sǝƃɐɯɐp ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ ɹo ɹǝsn ʎuɐ oʇ ǝlqɐıl ǝq sɹǝılddns sʇı ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ llɐɥs ʇuǝʌǝ ou uı
sǝƃɐɯɐp ɟo ɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp / ʎʇılıqɐıl ɟo uoıʇɐʇıɯıl
˙ǝɯıʇ ʎuɐ ʇɐ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ 'ʎʇılɐuoıʇɔunɟ 'sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ sʇı oʇ sǝƃuɐɥɔ ɹo/puɐ sʇuǝɯǝʌoɹdɯı ǝʞɐɯ ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ uı pǝʇɐʇs ʎlssǝɹdxǝ ʇou ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʎuɐ ǝʇɐǝɹɔ llɐɥs 'sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo ǝʇısqǝʍ ʎuɐ ɯoɹɟ noʎ ʎq pǝuıɐʇqo 'uǝʇʇıɹʍ ɹo lɐɹo ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɹo ǝɔıʌpɐ ou ˙sʇuǝuodɯoɔ lnɟɯɹɐɥ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo sǝsɹoɥ uɐɾoɹʇ 'sɯɹoʍ 'sǝsnɹıʌ ɟo ǝǝɹɟ sı sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ ǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ɹo uo ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ʇɐɥʇ ɹo ǝǝɹɟ ɹoɹɹǝ ɹo pǝʇdnɹɹǝʇuıun ǝq 'suoıʇɐʇɔǝdxǝ ɹo sʇuǝɯǝɹınbǝɹ ɹnoʎ ʇǝǝɯ llıʍ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ ǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ǝsodɹnd ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɹoɟ ssǝuʇıɟ ɹo ʎʇılıqɐʇuɐɥɔɹǝɯ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ pǝıldɯı ɹo ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuıuou 'ǝlʇıʇ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'pǝıldɯı ɹo ssǝɹdxǝ ɹǝɥʇıǝ 'puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ʇnoɥʇıʍ sısɐq "ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ sɐ" puɐ "sı sɐ" uɐ uo pǝpıʌoɹd sı sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ɹo uo ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ ǝɹɐʍʇɟos 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ puɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sǝıʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ɟo ɹǝɯıɐlɔsıp
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʇı sǝop ɹou ʎq pǝsɹopuǝ ɹǝɥʇıǝu sı puɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɥʇ ɟo sʇɥƃnoɥʇ ǝɥʇ ʎlǝlos ʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ǝɥʇ uı suoıuıdo puɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ puɐʇsɹǝpun noʎ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ƃuıɹɐǝddɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ uı pǝuıɐʇuoɔ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɟo ɯɹoɟ ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ 'suoıuıdo 'sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ǝɥʇ uı ʎʇıuɐɟoɹd ɹo ʎɥdɐɹƃouɹod 'ʎʇıuǝɔsqo 'pooɥǝslɐɟ 'suoıssıɯo 'uoıʇɐɯɐɟǝp 'ʍɐl ɟo sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇssıɯ 'sǝʞɐʇsıɯ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqɐıl ou sǝɯnssɐ puɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq ʇou llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ sʞuıl ɐıʌ ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ ǝq ʎɐɯ ɹo sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ɹɐǝddɐ ʎɐɯ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ
ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ
˙slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ s’ɹosuods ɹo s’ɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ ʎuɐ uı ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐuı ɹo ɹoɹɹǝ ʎuɐ ɹo ɟo ʎʇılɐƃǝllı ǝɥʇ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq ʇou llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʍɐl ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ɥʇıʍ sǝıldɯoɔ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo uoısnlɔuı ɹoɟ pǝʇʇıɯqns lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ʇɐɥʇ ƃuıɹnsuǝ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ sɹosuods puɐ sɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ ˙dıɥsɹosuods puɐ ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ uıɐʇuoɔ ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
sɹǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ
˙sʇuǝılɔ ǝʌıʇɔǝdsoɹd ɯoɹɟ ʇuǝɯʎoldɯǝ ʇıɔılos ʇou llıʍ puɐ ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ɹǝɟɟo ʇou llıʍ noʎ 'sɯooɹ ʇɐɥɔ puɐ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ʎuɐ ǝsn noʎ uǝɥʍ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ puɐ ǝǝɹƃɐ ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ noʎ ˙sǝlnɹ ǝsǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ǝɔuɐıldɯoɔ ɹnoʎ ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ llɐ sɯıɐlɔsıp ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇɔɐɟ ɟo suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹsıɯ puɐ 'ʍɐl ɟo ǝɔıʇɔɐɹd pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun 'sʇuǝılɔ ɟo uoıʇɐʇıɔılos 'ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ oʇ ƃuıʇɐlǝɹ sǝlnɹ ǝɥʇ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ǝɹɐ ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı sǝlnɹ ǝɥʇ ˙sǝlnɹ ɥɔns ʎq ǝpıqɐ llıʍ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ uoıʇɐdıɔıʇɹɐd ɹnoʎ ɟo sʇɔǝdsɐ llɐ oʇ ʎlddɐ ʇɔnpuoɔ lɐuoıssǝɟoɹd ɟo sǝlnɹ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ 'sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ɹo sɯooɹ ʇɐɥɔ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ʎuɐ ƃuısn ɹo ʇɔǝdsɐ ʎuɐ uı ƃuıʇɐdıɔıʇɹɐd 'ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ uɐ ǝɹɐ noʎ ɟı
ǝɔıʇou sɔıɥʇǝ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ
˙lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ ɹo pǝƃǝlıʌıɹd sɐ pǝʇɐǝɹʇ ʇou ǝɹɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ llɐ ˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uı pǝʇsıl sɯǝʇı ɟo uoıʇdǝɔxǝ ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ ɹo pǝƃǝlıʌıɹd sı sɐ pǝʇɐǝɹʇ sı ǝʇıs qǝʍ sıɥʇ oʇ pǝʇʇıɯqns ƃuıɥʇou ˙ʞuıl ǝʍ ɥɔıɥʍ oʇ sǝʇıs ɹǝɥʇo ʇɐ ɹo sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʎʇılıqɐılǝɹ ɹo ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ǝɥʇ ƃuıuɹǝɔuoɔ ǝǝʇuɐɹɐnƃ ɹo ʎʇuɐɹɹɐʍ ou ǝʞɐɯ ǝʍ 'sǝɔɹnos ǝpısʇno ʎq pǝpıʌoɹd uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ǝɥʇ puɐ ʍɐl ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐu ƃuıƃuɐɥɔ ʎlpıdɐɹ ǝɥʇ oʇ ǝnp 'ɹǝʌoǝɹoɯ ˙uoıʇɔıpsıɹnɾ ʇuɐʌǝlǝɹ ǝɥʇ uı lǝsunoɔ lɐƃǝl ʇuǝpuǝdǝpuı 'ʇuǝʇǝdɯoɔ ɐ ɯoɹɟ ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ƃuıuıɐʇqo ɹoɟ ǝʇnʇıʇsqns ɐ ʇou sı ǝʇıs sıɥʇ sɐ ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ pǝsuǝɔıl ɐ ɥʇıʍ ƃuıʇlnsuoɔ ʇnoɥʇıʍ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ uo ʎlǝɹ ɹo uo ʇɔɐ ʇou op ˙pǝɯɹoɟ sı dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ʇuǝılɔ-ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ou puɐ ǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ʎuɐ ɹǝpun ƃuılǝsunoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐıpǝɯ 'suoıʇɐpuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ 'ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇou sǝop puɐ oʇ pǝpuǝʇuı ʇou sı (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ǝpɐɯ ɹo uo pǝuıɐʇuoɔ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı
dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ʇuǝılɔ-ʎǝuɹoʇʇɐ ɹo ǝɔıʌpɐ lɐƃǝl ou
˙ʞsıɹ uʍo ɹnoʎ ʇɐ os op noʎ 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ pǝʞuıl ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ ǝpıɔǝp noʎ ɟı ˙sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ɥɔns uo slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɟo ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpɹɐƃǝɹ suoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ ʎuɐ ǝʞɐɯ ʇou sǝop puɐ sǝʇıs ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ pǝʞuıl ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ʇou sı ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ɥɔns uo sʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq ʇuǝɯǝsɹopuǝ uɐ sɐ ʇou puɐ noʎ oʇ ǝɔuǝıuǝʌuoɔ ɐ sɐ ʎlǝlos pǝpıʌoɹd ǝɹɐ sʞuıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɹǝɥʇo ʎq pǝuıɐʇuıɐɯ ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ oʇ sʞuıl uıɐʇuoɔ sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ
sǝʇıs ɹǝɥʇo oʇ sʞuıl
˙sʍɐl ʎʇɹǝdoɹd lɐnʇɔǝllǝʇuı ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ ("ɐɔɯp") 8991 ɟo ʇɔɐ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ɯnıuuǝllıɯ lɐʇıƃıp ǝɥʇ ɹǝpun suoıʇɔɐ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ ǝʞɐʇ llıʍ puɐ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı pǝƃǝllɐ ɟo sǝɔıʇou ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı puɐ ssǝɔoɹd llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ɟo ɯıɐlɔ ɐ ƃuıʌıǝɔǝɹ ɹǝʇɟɐ ˙ǝɹǝɥ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ɟo ɯıɐlɔ ɹnoʎ ʇıɯqns ǝsɐǝld
˙ɟlɐɥǝq s,ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ uo ʇɔɐ oʇ pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɹɐ ɹo ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ǝɹɐ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ sı ǝɔıʇou ɹnoʎ uı uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝʌoqɐ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʎɹnɾɹǝd ɟo ʎʇlɐuǝd ɹǝpun ǝpɐɯ 'ʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɐ 6
؛ʍɐl ǝɥʇ ɹo 'ʇuǝƃɐ sʇı 'ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ʎq pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ ʇou sı ǝsn pǝʇndsıp ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ɟǝılǝq ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ ɐ ǝʌɐɥ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ noʎ ʎq ʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɐ 5
؛ssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯǝ puɐ 'ɹǝqɯnu ǝuoɥdǝlǝʇ 'ssǝɹppɐ 'ǝɯɐu ɹnoʎ 4
؛lɹn llnɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐɔol oʇ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇıɯɹǝd oʇ ʇuǝıɔıɟɟns ʎlqɐuosɐǝɹ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı puɐ ƃuıƃuıɹɟuı ǝq oʇ pǝɯıɐlɔ sı ʇɐɥʇ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐɔıɟıʇuǝpı 3
؛pǝƃuıɹɟuı uǝǝq sɐɥ ɯıɐlɔ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʞɹoʍ pǝʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɐɔıɟıʇuǝpı 2
؛ɟlɐɥǝq s,ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ uo ʇɔɐ oʇ pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐ uosɹǝd ǝɥʇ ɹo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐuƃıs ɔıuoɹʇɔǝlǝ uɐ 1
:uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ƃuıʍolloɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıpıʌoɹd ʎq sn ʎɟıʇou ʎɐɯ noʎ 'ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ sǝʇnʇıʇsuoɔ ʇɐɥʇ ʎɐʍ ɐ uı ǝʇıs sıɥʇ uo ǝlqıssǝɔɔɐ sı puɐ pǝıdoɔ uǝǝq sɐɥ ʞɹoʍ ɹnoʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝʌǝılǝq noʎ ɟı
˙pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ʎlʇɔıɹʇs sı 'uoıssıɯɹǝd s,ɹǝuʍo ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ʞuıl ǝʍ ɥɔıɥʍ oʇ sǝʇıs ɹo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ (ǝsn ʇıɟoɹd-uou lɐuosɹǝd ɹoɟ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo) lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ pǝʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo uoıʇnqıɹʇsıp puɐ ƃuıpɐoluʍop pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun ʎuɐ ˙sɹǝɥʇo ɟo sʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ uo sǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɐɥʇ
sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ uo lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ 'oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ǝlqɐsıp ɹo 'ǝʌoɯǝɹ 'uoıʇǝɹɔsıp sʇı ʇɐ puɐ sǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ uı 'ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
ʇuǝƃɐ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ puɐ ʇuǝɯǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ
˙sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹo 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs puɐ sǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo ǝʇısqǝʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ 'sǝsodɹnd lɐıɔɹǝɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo 'llǝsǝɹ 'llǝs oʇ ʇou ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ
ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɟo ǝlɐsǝɹ ou
˙ɥɔns ɟo uoıʇɐpuǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɹo 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo sʇɔnpoɹd 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ɥɔns ɯoɹɟ ʇıɟǝuǝq ʇɔǝɹıpuı ɹo ʇɔǝɹıp ou ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ puɐ uı ʇsǝɹǝʇuı lɐıɔuɐuıɟ ou ǝʌɐɥ noʎ sɐ ƃuol os 'sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo spooƃ 'sǝʇıs qǝʍ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ puǝɯɯoɔǝɹ ɹo ssnɔsıp ʎɐɯ noʎ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uı ˙sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ǝʌıʇɔɐɹǝʇuı sʇı ɟo ʎuɐ ɹo sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ sʇuǝılɔ ǝʌıʇɔǝdsoɹd ɯoɹɟ ʇuǝɯʎoldɯǝ ƃuıʇıɔılos ɯoɹɟ pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ǝɹɐ sɯɹıɟ ʍɐl puɐ sɹǝʎʍɐl ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd uǝʇʇıɹʍ ɹoıɹd ssǝɹdxǝ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo ƃuısıʇɹǝʌpɐ ɹo suoıʇɐʇıɔılos ƃuıuıɐʇuoɔ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɐıʌ pǝıɟıʇuǝpı sǝıʇıʇuǝ ɹo suosɹǝd ʎuɐ oʇ ɹo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp ʇou llɐɥs noʎ ˙uoıʇɐʇıɔılos ou
˙sǝǝsuǝɔılqns ɟo sɹǝıʇ ǝldıʇlnɯ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ sʇɥƃıɹ ɥɔns ǝsuǝɔılqns oʇ puɐ 'pǝdolǝʌǝp ɹǝʇɟɐǝɹǝɥ ɹo uʍouʞ ʍou ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ ʎƃolouɥɔǝʇ ɹo 'ɐıpǝɯ 'ɯɹoɟ ʎuɐ uı sʞɹoʍ ɹǝɥʇo ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ɹo ǝuolɐ uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ʎɐldsıp puɐ 'ɯɹoɟɹǝd 'ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp 'ǝʇɐlsuɐɹʇ 'ʇıpǝ 'ɥsılqnd 'ʎɟıpoɯ 'ǝɔnpoɹdǝɹ 'ǝsn oʇ ǝsuǝɔıl ǝʌısnlɔxǝ-uou 'ǝlqɐɔoʌǝɹɹı 'lɐnʇǝdɹǝd 'ǝǝɹɟ-ʎʇlɐʎoɹ ɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇuɐɹƃ ʎllɐɔıʇɐɯoʇnɐ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ƃuıʇsod ʎq ˙ʇuɐɹƃ ǝsuǝɔıl
˙ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ sɐ 'sʇɥƃıɹ ǝsoɥʇ ƃuıʇɔǝʇoɹd ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ noʎ puɐ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo ʎɐldsıp ɹo ʇsod 'ʇıɯqns noʎ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ puɐ ʞɹɐɯǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇuǝʇɐd llɐ uıɐʇǝɹ 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐ sɐ 'ɹosuǝɔıl ʎʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɐ ɹo noʎ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɥƃnoɹɥʇ ɹo uo noʎ ʎq pǝʎɐldsıp ɹo pǝʇsod 'pǝʇʇıɯqns ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ɹo dıɥsɹǝuʍo ou sɯıɐlɔ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʇɥƃıɹ puɐ dıɥsɹǝuʍo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙poɥʇǝɯ ɹo ɹǝuuɐɯ 'ǝdɐɥs 'ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ uoıʇɐɹƃıɯɯı lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ʇıɯɯoɔ oʇ ʍoɥ uo sɹǝɥʇo 'ʎlʇɔǝɹıpuı ɹo ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ɹǝɥʇıǝ 'ʇɔnɹʇsuı ɹo ǝuopuoɔ •
˙sǝsuǝʇǝɹd ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ ɹo ǝslɐɟ ɹǝpun ɹo suɐǝɯ pǝʇɐɯoʇnɐ ʎq sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝsn ǝʇɐǝɹɔ •
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝsɹopuǝ ɹo pǝɹosuods sı ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ʇɐɥʇ sǝıldɯı ɹo sǝssǝɹdxǝ ʎlǝslɐɟ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʇıɯqns •
ǝsodɹnd pǝzıɹoɥʇnɐun ʎuɐ ɹoɟ sɹǝsn ʇnoqɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʇɔǝlloɔ ɹo ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ xǝpuı ɹo ǝʌǝıɹʇǝɹ oʇ ǝɔıʌǝp ɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'uoıʇɐɔılddɐ lɐʌǝıɹʇǝɹ/ɥɔɹɐǝs ǝʇıs 'ɹǝpıds 'ʇoqoɹ ʎuɐ ǝsn •
˙ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı pǝʇʇıɯsuɐɹʇǝɹ ɹo sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇsod ƃuıǝq ɯoɹɟ pǝʇıqıɥoɹd ʎlʇɔıɹʇs ǝɹɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ puɐ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɹo sɹoʇɐɹʇsıuıɯpɐ uǝǝʍʇǝq (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uo sʇsod ǝlqɐʍǝıʌ ʎlɔılqnd ɟo uoıʇdǝɔxǝ ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ) uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʇɔǝɹıp ʎuɐ ʎllɐuoıʇıppɐ ˙uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹoɥʇnɐ lɐuıƃıɹo ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd ssǝɹdxǝ ǝɥʇ ʇnoɥʇıʍ ǝɔuǝpıɟuoɔ uı ʇdǝʞ ǝq oʇ sɐʍ ǝƃɐssǝɯ ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ɟǝılǝq pǝıldɯı ǝɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ɹo ǝɔuǝpıɟuoɔ uı pǝʇʇıɯsuɐɹʇ ʎllɐuıƃıɹo ɹo pǝuıɐʇqo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙sɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇo ʎq ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝɯʎoɾuǝ lɐuosɹǝd ǝɥʇ ɯoɹɟ ʎɐʍɐ sǝʞɐʇ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝɯnƃɹɐ uɐ ǝʇɐƃıʇsuı ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ǝlʇʇılǝq 'ɟo unɟ ǝʞɐɯ 'ǝzıuoƃɐʇuɐ 'ʇǝsdn oʇ pǝuƃısǝp ʎlǝsodɹnd ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇouɐ pɹɐʍoʇ pǝıldɯı ɹo ʇɔǝɹıp ɹǝɥʇıǝ ʇsod ɐ uı sʇuǝɯɯoɔ ǝʞɐɯ •
˙sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ ƃuıʎoɾuǝ puɐ ƃuısn ɯoɹɟ ɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ʇıqıɥuı ɹo ʇɔıɹʇsǝɹ •
˙pǝʇsod sı ʇɐɥʇ ǝlıɟ ɐ uı pǝuıɐʇuoɔ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos ɟo ǝɔɹnos ɹo uıƃıɹo ǝɥʇ ɟo slǝqɐl ɹo suoıʇɐuƃısǝp ʎɹɐʇǝıɹdoɹd ɹo sǝɔıʇou ɹǝdoɹd ɹǝɥʇo ɹo lɐƃǝl 'suoıʇnqıɹʇʇɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ʎuɐ ǝʇǝlǝp ɹo ʎɟıslɐɟ ɹo 'ʎʇıʇuǝ ɹo uosɹǝd ɹǝɥʇouɐ ǝʇɐuosɹǝdɯı •
˙ɹǝuuɐɯ ɥɔns uı pǝʇnqıɹʇsıp ʎllɐƃǝl ǝq ʇouuɐɔ ʇɐɥʇ 'ʍouʞ plnoɥs ʎlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɹo 'ʍouʞ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ɹǝsn ɹǝɥʇouɐ ʎq pǝʇsod ǝlıɟ ʎuɐ pɐoluʍop •
˙sǝsn ɥɔns ɹoɟ pǝpuǝʇuı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sɐǝɹɐ uı uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo 'sɹǝʇʇǝl uıɐɥɔ ɹo sǝɯǝɥɔs pıɯɐɹʎd 'sʇsǝʇuoɔ 'sʎǝʌɹns pɹɐʍɹoɟ ɹo ʇɔnpuoɔ •
˙sǝsn ɥɔns ɹoɟ pǝpuǝʇuı ǝɹɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sɐǝɹɐ uı uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo 'ǝsodɹnd lɐıɔɹǝɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ sǝɔıʌɹǝs ɹo spooƃ ʎuɐ llǝs oʇ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo ǝsıʇɹǝʌpɐ •
˙ɹǝʇndɯoɔ s,ɹǝɥʇouɐ ɟo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ǝƃɐɯɐp ʎɐɯ ʇɐɥʇ sɯɐɹƃoɹd ɹo ǝɹɐʍʇɟos ɹɐlıɯıs ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ ɹo 'sǝlıɟ pǝʇdnɹɹoɔ 'sǝsnɹıʌ uıɐʇuoɔ ʇɐɥʇ sǝlıɟ ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʇıɯsuɐɹʇ ɹo ʇsod oʇ ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ɟo uoıssıɯɹǝd ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ ɹo sʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝuʍo ǝɥʇ ǝɹɐ noʎ ssǝlun '("sʇɥƃıɹ" ǝɥʇ) ʎʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɟo ʇɥƃıɹ ʎɹɐʇǝıɹdoɹd ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ʇǝɹɔǝs ǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇɥƃıɹʎdoɔ 'ʞɹɐɯǝpɐɹʇ 'ʇuǝʇɐd ʎuɐ sǝƃuıɹɟuı ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ʇsod •
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ 'lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı ɹo 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ lnɟʍɐlun ɹo 'ǝuǝɔsqo 'ƃuıƃuıɹɟuı 'ʎɹoʇɐɯɐɟǝp 'ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐuı ʎuɐ ǝɯɐs ǝɥʇ op oʇ ɹǝɟɟo ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯǝssıp ɹo ǝʇnqıɹʇsıp 'pɐoldn 'ʇsod 'ɥsılqnd •
˙sɹǝɥʇo ɟo (ʎʇıɔılqnd puɐ ʎɔɐʌıɹd ɟo sʇɥƃıɹ sɐ ɥɔns) sʇɥƃıɹ lɐƃǝl ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐloıʌ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo uǝʇɐǝɹɥʇ 'ʞlɐʇs 'ssɐɹɐɥ 'ǝsnqɐ 'ǝɯɐɟǝp •
:ʇou llıʍ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ƃuısn uǝɥʍ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'uoıʇɐʇıɯıl ɐ sɐ ʇou puɐ 'ǝldɯɐxǝ ɟo ʎɐʍ ʎq ˙ɹǝʇʇɐɯ ʇɔǝɾqns ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇɐlǝɹ oslɐ uǝɥʇ sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd ɟı puɐ ɹǝdoɹd '(lɐƃǝl) ”ʍɐl ʎq pǝʇʇıɯɹǝd ɹo ɥʇıʍ ʎʇıɯɹoɟuoɔ uı“ sı ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı puɐ 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ puɐ puǝs oʇ ʎluo (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ǝsn oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ sǝɔuǝnbǝsuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ puɐ ʇsod noʎ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ puɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝɹɐ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙sǝsn pǝʇʇıɯɹǝd
˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo puɐ noʎ uǝǝʍʇǝq sǝʇndsıp ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ 'uoıʇɐƃılqo ou sɐɥ ʇnq 'ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo ɥʇıʍ suoıʇɔɐɹǝʇuı ɹnoʎ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ʎlǝlos ǝɹɐ noʎ ˙sǝʇndsıp ɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ʎlɔılqnd ǝpɐɯ uǝǝq sɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ssǝɔɔɐ oʇ sɹǝsn ƃuıʍollɐ ʎq ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɐ sǝpıʌoɹd ʎldɯıs pɐǝʇsuı puɐ 'sɹǝɥʇo ʎq pǝʇsod suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ loɹʇuoɔ ɹo ɹoʇıuoɯ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ puɐʇsɹǝpun noʎ 'pɹɐƃǝɹ sıɥʇ uı ˙pǝʇsod ʎǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ sǝƃɐssǝɯ ʇnoqɐ ǝʌɐɥ ʎɐɯ noʎ sǝʇndsıp ʎuɐ sǝıʇɹɐd pɹıɥʇ ɥʇıʍ ʎlǝʌısnlɔxǝ puɐ ʎlʇɔǝɹıp ǝʌlosǝɹ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ʇsɐɹʇuoɔ uı ˙ɟlǝsɹnoʎ pǝʇsod ǝʌɐɥ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ ʇsǝnbǝɹ ʎɐɯ noʎ ˙ƃuıʌıɥɔɹɐ puɐ ƃuıʞnu
˙ǝʌıʇɔɐuı uǝǝq sɐɥ ʇunoɔɔɐ s,ɹǝsn ǝɥʇ ǝlıɥʍ poıɹǝd ǝʌıssǝɔxǝ uɐ ɹoɟ pǝɹoʇs slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝʇǝlǝp oʇ ɹo ɹǝsn ɹǝd ǝlqɐlıɐʌɐ ǝɔɐds ǝƃɐɹoʇs ɟo ʇunoɯɐ ǝɥʇ ʇıɯıl oʇ 'uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos sʇı uı 'ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sʇsod puɐ sǝuılǝɯıʇ 'suoıʇɔunɟ ɹɐpuǝlɐɔ 'sǝƃɐd qǝʍ 'ʇɐɥɔ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝlıɟoɹd 'sǝƃɐɯı 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ lɐuosɹǝd 'sǝƃɐssǝɯ lıɐɯǝ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ǝɹɐ ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı sǝldɯɐxǝ ˙sɹǝsn ɟo ɟlɐɥǝq uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoʇs ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo sǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʎuɐɯ ˙ǝƃɐɹoʇs
˙ʎɔılod ʎɔɐʌıɹd s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ǝǝs 'lɐɹǝuǝƃ uı ʎɔɐʌıɹd oʇ ɥɔɐoɹddɐ s’ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɹoɯ ɹoɟ ˙sǝƃɐd ǝsoɥʇ uo pǝʇɐʇs ʎlʇıɔıldxǝ ǝq llıʍ ʇɔɐɟ ʇɐɥʇ 'lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ sɐ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐǝɹʇ ǝq llıʍ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɟo uoıssıɯqns ǝɥʇ sʇıɯɹǝd ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd ɐ ɟı ˙lɐıʇuǝpıɟuoɔ-uou ǝq oʇ pǝɹǝpısuoɔ sı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ʇsod noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ 'ʎllɐɹǝuǝƃ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ ǝslǝ ǝuoʎuɐ ɹo uǝɹplıɥɔ ɹnoʎ 'ɟlǝsɹnoʎ ʇnoqɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ƃuıʎɟıʇuǝpı ʎllɐuosɹǝd ʎuɐ ƃuıʇsod uǝɥʍ uoıʇnɐɔ ǝsn sʎɐʍlɐ ˙ǝƃpǝlʍouʞ ɹnoʎ ʇnoɥʇıʍ pǝʇsod noʎ ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹnoʎ pɐǝɹ ʎɐɯ sɹǝɥʇo ǝɹoɟǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝʇɐʌıɹd ʇou puɐ ɔılqnd suıɐʇuoɔ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ ˙ʎɔɐʌıɹd
˙sʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ lɐuoıʇıppɐ ƃuıɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq 'ƃuıpnlɔuı poɥʇǝɯ ʎuɐ ʎq uoısuǝdsns ɹo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ssɐdʎq oʇ ʇdɯǝʇʇɐ ʇou llıʍ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ pǝpuǝdsns ɹo pǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ sı ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ɟı ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹo ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ɟo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɹo uoısuǝdsns ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎʇɹɐd-pɹıɥʇ ʎuɐ ɹo noʎ oʇ ǝlqɐıl ǝq ʇou llɐɥs ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ puɐ uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐ ǝpɐɯ ǝq llɐɥs suoısuǝdsns puɐ suoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ llɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ 'ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ɹǝɥʇɹnɟ ƃuıɹɹɐq (ɔ) puɐ '(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ǝpısuı ɹo ɥʇıʍ pǝʇɐıɔossɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ puɐ sǝlıɟ 'uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı pǝʇɐlǝɹ llɐ puɐ pɹoʍssɐd ɹnoʎ ɟo uoıʇǝlǝp (q) 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ (ɐ) 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ǝq ʇou ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı ʎɐɯ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ ɟo uoısuǝdsns ɹo uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ˙sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ lɐƃǝllı ɹo ʇuǝlnpnɐɹɟ uı pǝƃɐƃuǝ ǝʌɐɥ noʎ (ƃ) ɹo/puɐ 'ʎʇıʌıʇɔɐuı ɟo spoıɹǝd pǝpuǝʇxǝ (ɟ) 'sɯǝlqoɹd ɹo sǝnssı ʎʇıɹnɔǝs ɹo lɐɔıuɥɔǝʇ pǝʇɔǝdxǝun (ǝ) '(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ ʇɹɐd ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ uoıʇɐɔıɟıpoɯ lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo ǝɔuɐnuıʇuoɔsıp (p) 'noʎ ʎq ʇsǝnbǝɹ ɐ (ɔ) 'sǝıɔuǝƃɐ ʇuǝɯuɹǝʌoƃ ɹǝɥʇo ɹo ʇuǝɯǝɔɹoɟuǝ ʍɐl ʎq sʇsǝnbǝɹ (q) 'sǝuılǝpınƃ ɹo sʇuǝɯǝǝɹƃɐ pǝʇɐɹodɹoɔuı ɹǝɥʇo ɹo soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo suoıʇɐloıʌ ɹo sǝɥɔɐǝɹq (ɐ) 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ǝq ʇou ʇnq 'ǝpnlɔuı ʎɐɯ uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɥɔns ɹoɟ ǝsnɐɔ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ puɐ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹnoʎ (ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos ǝɥʇ ʇɐ pǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp ǝɯıʇ ɟo poıɹǝd ɐ ɹoɟ) puǝdsns ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ʎlǝʇɐıpǝɯɯı 'ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ puɐ ǝɔıʇou ɹoıɹd ʇnoɥʇıʍ 'ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙uoısuǝdsns puɐ uoıʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ
˙ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ǝɔıʇou ʇnoɥʇıʍ ǝɯıʇ ʎuɐ ʇɐ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo llɐ ɹo ʎuɐ oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ʇɔıɹʇsǝɹ ɹo ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ ɥɔns ɟo ǝɔuɐɯɹoɟɹǝd-uou ɹo ǝɔuɐɯɹoɟɹǝd ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ ɹo ʎʇılıqɐıl ou ǝʌɐɥ llıʍ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo uoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo lɐʌoɯǝɹ ǝɥʇ ʇsǝnbǝɹ ɹo ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ɹǝɥʇǝɥʍ uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos sʇı uı puɐ ɥʇıɐɟ pooƃ uı ǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp puɐ uoıʇɐƃǝllɐ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐƃıʇsǝʌuı ʎɐɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'soʇ ǝɥʇ ɟo ɯɹǝʇ ʎuɐ oʇ ɯɹoɟuoɔ ʇou op ʎlpǝƃǝllɐ ʇɐɥʇ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ɹo ʇuǝʇuoɔ sɹǝʌoɔsıp ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟı ˙sʇɥƃıɹ s’ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɯoɹɟ puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo uoıʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ou ǝʌıǝɔǝɹ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ɹo suoıuıdo ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou op ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɐ ʎq ǝpɐɯ sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɹo suoıuıdo ʎuɐ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ʎq punoq ʎllnɟ ǝɹɐ sǝıʇılıqɐıl puɐ suoıʇɔɐ ɹıǝɥʇ ˙pɹɐoq ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɹǝɥʇo ʎuɐ puoʎǝq ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐılıɟɟɐ ɹo dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ɐ ʎldɯı ʎɐʍ ou uı plnoɥs sǝıʇılıqɐ pǝʇıɯıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp uı spɐǝɹɥʇ ǝʌoɯ puɐ ǝsolɔ 'ʇsod oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹd ɹo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ou ǝʌɐɥ sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ʎq pıɐd 'pǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ ʎɐʍ ou uı sı 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ƃuıǝq 'ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɐ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ uo spɐǝɹɥʇ ɹo sʇsod ǝʌoɯ puɐ ǝsolɔ oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ lɐuoıʇıppɐ ǝɥʇ sɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʇɐ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ oʇ sɹǝɟǝɹ ɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ ɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ˙sɹoʇɐɹǝpoɯ
˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sɟǝılǝq ɹo suoıuıdo ǝɥʇ ʇɔǝlɟǝɹ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou op ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ʎq ǝpɐɯ sʇuǝɯǝʇɐʇs ɹo suoıuıdo ʎuɐ ˙soʇ ǝɥʇ ʎq punoq ʎllnɟ ǝɹɐ sǝıʇılıqɐıl puɐ suoıʇɔɐ ɹıǝɥʇ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɥʇıʍ uoıʇɐılıɟɟɐ ɹo dıɥsuoıʇɐlǝɹ ɐ ʎldɯı ʎɐʍ ou uı plnoɥs sǝıʇılıqɐ pǝʇıɯıl ǝsǝɥʇ ˙sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp uı ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝʌoɯ sǝsɐɔ ǝɯos uı puɐ ʇsod oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ uɐɥʇ ɹǝɥʇo ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo uoıʇɐʇuǝsǝɹd ɹo uoıʇɐɹǝdo ǝɥʇ ɹǝʌo loɹʇuoɔ ou ǝʌɐɥ sɹǝqɯǝɯ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ʎq pǝʇɐsuǝdɯoɔ ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo 'ʎq pıɐd 'pǝʇɐılıɟɟɐ ʎɐʍ ou uı sı ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɐ ˙ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɐ pǝuıɐʇqo sɐɥ puɐ uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ pǝʇǝldɯoɔ sɐɥ oɥʍ ǝʇıs ǝɥʇ ɟo ɹǝsn ɐ oʇ sɹǝɟǝɹ ɹǝqɯǝɯ ɯɹǝʇ ǝɥʇ ˙sɹǝqɯǝɯ
˙ʇunoɔɔɐ ǝuo ɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ ʎluo ʎɐɯ noʎ ˙(ɟoǝɹǝɥʇ uoıʇɹod ʎuɐ ɹo) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ǝɹnʇnɟ ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ llɐ puɐ ʎuɐ ǝsnɟǝɹ puɐ ʇunoɔɔɐ ɹnoʎ ǝʇɐuıɯɹǝʇ ɹo puǝdsns oʇ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sɐɥ ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔuı ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ ʇou 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'ǝnɹʇun sı uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ɥɔns ʇɐɥʇ ʇɔǝdsns oʇ spunoɹƃ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ sɐɥ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɹo 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔuı ɹo ʇuǝɹɹnɔ ʇou 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'ǝnɹʇun sı ʇɐɥʇ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝpıʌoɹd noʎ ɟı ˙ǝɹnɔǝs pɹoʍssɐd ɹnoʎ ƃuıdǝǝʞ ɹoɟ puɐ ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɹnoʎ ɹǝpun ƃuıɹɹnɔɔo sǝıʇıʌıʇɔɐ llɐ ɹoɟ ǝlqısuodsǝɹ ǝq llıʍ noʎ puɐ pɹoʍssɐd puɐ ǝɯɐuɹǝsn ɐ ʇɔǝlǝs oʇ pǝʞsɐ ǝq llıʍ noʎ 'ssǝɔoɹd uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ˙ssǝɔoɹd uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇɹɐd sɐ ssǝɹppɐ lıɐɯǝ ɹnoʎ ǝʇɐpılɐʌ puɐ ɯɹıɟuoɔ (4) puɐ 'ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɹoɟ soʇ ǝɹıʇuǝ ǝɥʇ oʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ puɐ pɐǝɹ ʎllnɟ (3) 'ǝʇǝldɯoɔ puɐ ʇuǝɹɹnɔ 'ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ǝnɹʇ ʇı dǝǝʞ oʇ ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sɐ ɐʇɐp uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ ǝʇɐpdn ʎlʇdɯoɹd puɐ uıɐʇuıɐɯ (2) '("ɐʇɐp uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ" ǝɥʇ 'ʎlǝʌıʇɔǝlloɔ) ɯɹoɟ uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝɥʇ uo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ ǝʇǝldɯoɔ puɐ ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ǝnɹʇ ǝpıʌoɹd ʎllɐuosɹǝd (1) :ʇsnɯ noʎ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ oʇ ɹǝʇsıƃǝɹ noʎ uǝɥʍ ˙uoıʇɐɹʇsıƃǝɹ
˙ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sı lɐʌoɯǝɹ ʇɐɥʇ ǝuıɯɹǝʇǝp ǝʍ ɟı 'ǝɯɐɹɟ ǝɯıʇ ǝlqɐuosɐǝɹ ɐ uıɥʇıʍ 'os op oʇ ʇɹoɟɟǝ ʎɹǝʌǝ ǝʞɐɯ llıʍ ǝʍ puɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ʎʇılıqɐ ǝɥʇ ǝʌɐɥ ǝʍ ˙(sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ uı ʇsod ɥɔɐǝ ʍolǝq sı ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝɥʇ oʇ ʞuıl ɐ) ǝɹnʇɐǝɟ ʇɹodǝɹ ǝɥʇ ɟo ǝsn ʎq sɯnɹoɟ ǝɥʇ uo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo ʇɹodǝɹ oʇ pǝƃɐɹnoɔuǝ ǝɹɐ sɹǝqɯǝɯ 'ɹɐlnɔıʇɹɐd uı ˙uoıʇɔǝs ,sn ʇɔɐʇuoɔ, ǝɥʇ ƃuıʇısıʌ ʎq ʎlǝʇɐıpǝɯɯı sn ʇɔɐʇuoɔ oʇ pǝƃɐɹnoɔuǝ sı ǝlqɐuoıʇɔǝɾqo sı ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ slǝǝɟ oɥʍ ɹǝsn ʎuɐ
˙uoıʇǝɹɔsıp ǝlos s,ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ uı 'ɹǝʌǝosʇɐɥʍ uosɐǝɹ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ 'ʇɹɐd uı ɹo ǝloɥʍ uı 'slɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ɹo uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝʌoɯǝɹ oʇ ɹo ʇsod oʇ ǝsnɟǝɹ 'ʇıpǝ oʇ ɹo 'ʇsǝnbǝɹ lɐʇuǝɯuɹǝʌoƃ ɹo ssǝɔoɹd lɐƃǝl 'uoıʇɐlnƃǝɹ 'ʍɐl ǝlqɐɔılddɐ ʎuɐ ʎɟsıʇɐs oʇ ʎɹɐssǝɔǝu sɐ uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ʎuɐ ǝsolɔsıp oʇ sǝɯıʇ llɐ ʇɐ ʇɥƃıɹ ǝɥʇ sǝʌɹǝsǝɹ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'ɹǝʌǝʍoɥ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ uoıʇɐƃılqo ou sɐɥ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ puɐ 'ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝɹǝʌılǝp uoıʇɐɯɹoɟuı ǝɥʇ loɹʇuoɔ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ɹoʇıuoɯ oʇ uoıʇɐƃılqo ou
˙ʞsıɹ uʍo ɹnoʎ ʇɐ ǝq llıʍ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ʎuɐ ʇɐɥʇ ǝƃpǝlʍouʞɔɐ noʎ ˙ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ɟo sʍǝıʌ ǝɥʇ ʎlıɹɐssǝɔǝu ʇou puɐ ɹoɥʇnɐ ǝɥʇ ɟo sʍǝıʌ ǝɥʇ ssǝɹdxǝ sʇsod puɐ suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ǝsǝɥʇ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɹo suoıʇɐɔıunɯɯoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ʎʇılıqɐılǝɹ ɹo 'ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ 'ssǝulnɟɥʇnɹʇ ǝɥʇ ǝǝʇuɐɹɐnƃ ɹo ʇuǝsǝɹdǝɹ 'ʇɹoddns 'ǝsɹopuǝ ʇou sǝop ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ ˙ʇuǝɯǝsɹopuǝ ou
˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ɟo ssǝulnɟǝsn ɹo 'ssǝuǝʇǝldɯoɔ 'ʎɔɐɹnɔɔɐ ǝɥʇ uo ǝɔuɐılǝɹ ʎuɐ ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ 'ɥʇıʍ pǝʇɐıɔossɐ sʞsıɹ llɐ ɹɐǝq puɐ 'ǝʇɐnlɐʌǝ ʇsnɯ noʎ ʇɐɥʇ ǝǝɹƃɐ noʎ ˙ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɐıʌ pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝsn ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇlnsǝɹ ɐ sɐ pǝɹɹnɔuı puıʞ ʎuɐ ɟo ǝƃɐɯɐp ɹo ssol ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ɹo 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ uı suoıssıɯo ɹo sɹoɹɹǝ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ 'oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq 'ƃuıpnlɔuı 'ʇuǝʇuoɔ ʎuɐ ɹoɟ ʎɐʍ ʎuɐ uı ǝlqɐıl ǝq ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ llıʍ sǝɔuɐʇsɯnɔɹıɔ ou ɹǝpun ˙ǝʌıʇdǝɔǝp ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ǝɹɐ ɹo pǝlǝqɐlsıɯ uǝǝq ǝʌɐɥ ʇɐɥʇ sƃuıʇsod 'sǝsɐɔ ǝɯos uı ɹo 'lɐıɹǝʇɐɯ ǝʇɐıɹdoɹddɐuı ǝsıʍɹǝɥʇo ɹo ǝʇɐɹnɔɔɐuı 'lnɟɯɹɐɥ 'ʇuǝɔǝpuı 'ǝʌısuǝɟɟo ʎɹɹɐɔ ʎɐɯ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ uo pǝʇsod ʇuǝʇuoɔ ǝɥʇ 'ǝɹnʇɐu ʎɹǝʌ sʇı ʎq
˙noʎ oʇ ǝɔıʌɹǝs ɐ sɐ ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns oʇ ssǝɔɔɐ sǝpıʌoɹd ʎlǝɹǝɯ ɯoɔ˙ʎǝuɹnoɾɐsıʌ 'pɐǝʇsuı ˙ʇuǝʇuoɔ ɥɔns ɹoɟ ʎʇılıqısuodsǝɹ ou sǝʞɐʇ puɐ (sɯnɹoɟ uoıssnɔsıp ǝɥʇ oʇ pǝʇıɯıl ʇou ʇnq ƃuıpnlɔuı) ǝɔıʌɹǝs ǝɥʇ ɟo ʇuǝ&